Nia1 and Nia2 are Involved in Exogenous Salicylic Acid‐induced Nitric Oxide Generation and Stomatal Closure in <i>Arabidopsis</i>

Hao, Fushun; Zhao, Shiling; Dong, H.; Zhang, Huan; Sun, Lina; Miao, Chen

doi:10.1111/j.1744-7909.2010.00920.x

Cited by 136 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…For example, NO is not required for ABA-induced closure when plants are experiencing dehydration (Ribeiro et al, 2009;Lozano-Juste and Leó n, 2010). In our experiments, plants were well hydrated, and our results agree with previous reports that in these conditions, nia1nia2 and atrbohD/F mutant stomata are unable to close in response to ABA treatment (Desikan et al, 2002;Kwak et al, 2003;Bright et al, 2006;Hao et al, 2010). The fact that these mutants also do not respond to treatment with 200 mM ATPgS indicates that NO and H 2 O 2 help mediate the effects of nucleotides on stomatal closure.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Extracellular Nucleotides and Apyrases Regulate Stomatal Aperture in Arabidopsis

et al. 2011

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This study investigates the role of extracellular nucleotides and apyrase enzymes in regulating stomatal aperture. Prior data indicate that the expression of two apyrases in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), APY1 and APY2, is strongly correlated with cell growth and secretory activity. Both are expressed strongly in guard cell protoplasts, as determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and immunoblot analyses. Promoter activity assays for APY1 and APY2 show that expression of both apyrases correlates with conditions that favor stomatal opening. Correspondingly, immunoblot data indicate that APY expression in guard cell protoplasts rises quickly when these cells are moved from darkness into light. Both short-term inhibition of ectoapyrase activity by polyclonal antibodies and long-term suppression of APY1 and APY2 transcript levels significantly disrupt normal stomatal behavior in light. Stomatal aperture shows a biphasic response to applied adenosine 5#-[g-thio]triphosphate (ATPgS) or adenosine 5#-[b-thio] diphosphate, with lower concentrations inducing stomatal opening and higher concentrations inducing closure. Equivalent concentrations of adenosine 5#-O-thiomonophosphate have no effect on aperture. Two mammalian purinoceptor inhibitors block ATPgS-and adenosine 5#-[b-thio] diphosphate-induced opening and closing and also partially block the ability of abscisic acid to induce stomatal closure and of light to induce stomatal opening. Treatment of epidermal peels with ATPgS induces increased levels of nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species, and genetically suppressing the synthesis of these agents blocks the effects of nucleotides on stomatal aperture. A luciferase assay indicates that treatments that induce either the closing or opening of stomates also induce the release of ATP from guard cells. These data favor the novel conclusion that ectoapyrases and extracellular nucleotides play key roles in regulating stomatal functions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Extracellular Nucleotides and Apyrases Regulate Stomatal Aperture in Arabidopsis

et al. 2011

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“…To investigate whether the activation is due to NO produced via the NR or AtNOA1 pathways, we studied Cd 2+ -dependent SnRK2 activation in hydroponically grown seedlings of nia1nia2 (double knockout mutant of NR) and atnoa1 Arabidopsis T-DNA insertion mutants. The atnoa1 and nia1nia2 mutants had previously been shown to produce less NO in response to several biotic as well as abiotic stresses (Besson-Bard et al, 2008;Zhao et al, 2009;Hao et al, 2010;Lozano-Juste and León, 2010;Sun et al, 2010;Xuan et al, 2010). In both nia1nia2 and atnoa1 seedlings, we observed activation of SnRK2(s) in response to CdCl 2 treatment (Fig.…”

Section: Ntosak Undergoes Activation In Tobacco Cells In Response To mentioning

confidence: 53%

SNF1-Related Protein Kinases Type 2 Are Involved in Plant Responses to Cadmium Stress

et al. 2012

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Cadmium ions are notorious environmental pollutants. To adapt to cadmium-induced deleterious effects plants have developed sophisticated defense mechanisms. However, the signaling pathways underlying the plant response to cadmium are still elusive. Our data demonstrate that SnRK2s (for SNF1-related protein kinase2) are transiently activated during cadmium exposure and are involved in the regulation of plant response to this stress. Analysis of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) Osmotic StressActivated Protein Kinase activity in tobacco Bright Yellow 2 cells indicates that reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide, produced mainly via an L-arginine-dependent process, contribute to the kinase activation in response to cadmium. SnRK2.4 is the closest homolog of tobacco Osmotic Stress-Activated Protein Kinase in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Comparative analysis of seedling growth of snrk2.4 knockout mutants versus wild-type Arabidopsis suggests that SnRK2.4 is involved in the inhibition of root growth triggered by cadmium; the mutants were more tolerant to the stress. Measurements of the level of three major species of phytochelatins (PCs) in roots of plants exposed to Cd 2+ showed a similar (PC2, PC4) or lower (PC3) concentration in snrk2.4 mutants in comparison to wild-type plants. These results indicate that the enhanced tolerance of the mutants does not result from a difference in the PCs level. Additionally, we have analyzed ROS accumulation in roots subjected to Cd 2+ treatment. Our data show significantly lower Cd 2+ -induced ROS accumulation in the mutants' roots. Concluding, the obtained results indicate that SnRK2s play a role in the regulation of plant tolerance to cadmium, most probably by controlling ROS accumulation triggered by cadmium ions.Cadmium is one of the most toxic soil pollutants. Cadmium ions accumulate in plants and affect, via the food chain, animal and human health. In plants, cadmium is taken up by roots and is transported to aerial organs, leading to chromosomal aberrations, growth reduction, and inhibition of photosynthesis, transpiration, nitrogen metabolism, nutrient and water uptake, eventually causing plant death (for review, see DalCorso et al., 2008). Plants are challenged not only by cadmium ions themselves, but also by Cd 2+ -induced harmful effects including oxidative stress (Schützendübel et al., 2001;Olmos et al., 2003;Cho and Seo, 2005;Sharma and Dietz, 2009). The extent of the detrimental effects on plant growth and metabolism depends on the level of cadmium ions present in the surrounding environment and on the plant's sensitivity to heavy metal stress.Tolerant plants avoid heavy metal uptake and/or induce the expression of genes encoding products involved, directly or indirectly, in heavy metal binding and removal from potentially sensitive sites, by sequestration or efflux (Clemens, 2006). The best-characterized heavy metal binding ligands in plants are thiol-containing compounds metallothioneins and phytochelatins (PCs), whose production is stimulated by Cd 2+. PC...

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“…However, this is not the case in SA-induced NO production in guard cells, as NO production in guard cells and stomatal closure induced by SA in single mutants Nia1 and Nia2 were only partially suppressed in comparison with the double mutant Nia1/Nia2. Furthermore, the NO production and stomatal response of Nia1 are more sensitive to SA than those of Nia2 (Hao et al, 2010). These differences maybe suggest that Nia1 and Nia2 have differential mechanisms of activation and, thus, they respond differentially to different stimuli.…”

Section: Nia1-dependent No Mediates Uv-b-induced Stomatal Closurementioning

confidence: 77%

Role and Interrelationship of Gα Protein, Hydrogen Peroxide, and Nitric Oxide in Ultraviolet B-Induced Stomatal Closure in Arabidopsis Leaves

Zhang

et al. 2013

Plant Physiology

124

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Heterotrimeric G proteins have been shown to transmit ultraviolet B (UV-B) signals in mammalian cells, but whether they also transmit UV-B signals in plant cells is not clear. In this paper, we report that 0.5 W m 22 UV-B induces stomatal closure in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) by eliciting a cascade of intracellular signaling events including Ga protein, hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), and nitric oxide (NO). UV-B triggered a significant increase in H 2 O 2 or NO levels associated with stomatal closure in the wild type, but these effects were abolished in the single and double mutants of AtrbohD and AtrbohF or in the Nia1 mutants, respectively. Furthermore, we found that UV-B-mediated H 2 O 2 and NO generation are regulated by GPA1, the Ga-subunit of heterotrimeric G proteins. UV-B-dependent H 2 O 2 and NO accumulation were nullified in gpa1 knockout mutants but enhanced by overexpression of a constitutively active form of GPA1 (cGa). In addition, exogenously applied H 2 O 2 or NO rescued the defect in UV-B-mediated stomatal closure in gpa1 mutants, whereas cGa AtrbohD/AtrbohF and cGa nia1 constructs exhibited a similar response to AtrbohD/ AtrbohF and Nia1, respectively. Finally, we demonstrated that Ga activation of NO production depends on H 2 O 2 . The mutants of AtrbohD and AtrbohF had impaired NO generation in response to UV-B, but UV-B-induced H 2 O 2 accumulation was not impaired in Nia1. Moreover, exogenously applied NO rescued the defect in UV-B-mediated stomatal closure in the mutants of AtrbohD and AtrbohF. These findings establish a signaling pathway leading to UV-B-induced stomatal closure that involves GPA1-dependent activation of H 2 O 2 production and subsequent Nia1-dependent NO accumulation.

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Nia1 and Nia2 are Involved in Exogenous Salicylic Acid‐induced Nitric Oxide Generation and Stomatal Closure in Arabidopsis

Cited by 136 publications

References 47 publications

Extracellular Nucleotides and Apyrases Regulate Stomatal Aperture in Arabidopsis

Extracellular Nucleotides and Apyrases Regulate Stomatal Aperture in Arabidopsis

SNF1-Related Protein Kinases Type 2 Are Involved in Plant Responses to Cadmium Stress

Role and Interrelationship of Gα Protein, Hydrogen Peroxide, and Nitric Oxide in Ultraviolet B-Induced Stomatal Closure in Arabidopsis Leaves

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