Ni:LiNbO3 Mach-Zehnder modulators with a combinational-type waveguide structure

Abstract

Ni:LiNbO3 Mach–Zehnder modulators with a combinational‐type waveguide structure were successfully fabricated by the proton‐exchanged wet‐etching technique for the first time. In addition, it is also demonstrated that the driving voltage of the modulators is significantly improved by increasing the ridge height. ©1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 20: 364–367, 1999.