Ni-Doped SnO₂ Nanoparticles for Sensing and Photocatalysis

Abstract

Ni-doped SnO2 nanoparticles were synthesized by a coprecipitation route and showed superior properties for a series of different applications. The 1 atom % Ni-doped SnO2 NPs exhibited excellent electrochemical performance as supercapacitors to deliver a specific capacitance of 793 F g–1 at an applied current density of 2.5 A g–1 in a KOH electrolyte while retaining its capacitance over 1250 cycles. The energy-dependent (100, 150, and 200 μJ) nonlinear absorption behavior of the Ni-doped SnO2 NPs was investigated and found to be due to the effective two-photon absorption with free carrier absorption. A clad-modified fiber-optic gas-sensor setup was used to sense the ammonia at ambient temperature. Further, the photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine B, Congo red, and Direct red dyes by the Ni-doped SnO2 NPs was examined under visible-light irradiation.

Experimental and theoretical investigation of the tuning of electronic structure in SnO2viaCo doping for enhanced styrene epoxidation catalysis

“…Additionally, the two peaks at 660 and 535 cm −1 can be ascribed to the stretching vibrations of Sn–O bonds. 58 All these results are in good consistent with the above results and analyses.…”

A nanostructured SnO2/Ni/CNT composite as an anode for Li ion batteries

“…The high-resolution O 1s spectra of all four nanomaterials can be deconvoluted into three peaks with binding energies of 530.2, 530.7, and 531.7 eV for SnO; 529.3, 530.4, and 531.6 eV for SnNi; 531.3, 531.8, and 532.6 eV for SnCn; and 529.4, 531, and 533 eV for SnNiCn. 21 The C 1s spectra of the prepared SnCn and SnNiCn samples could be deconvoluted into different peaks, i.e. , 284.7, 285.1, and 286.4 eV; and 282.6, 283.7, 284.9, and 286.2 eV, respectively.…”

“…For the undoped SnO 2 sample (pristine SnO 2 ), typical modes positioned at A 1g ¼ 626 cm À1 and B 2g ¼ 774 cm À1 were detected, which indicate the expansion and contraction of the Sn-O bond. 21 In the case of Ni-doped SnO 2 , the A 1g peak shied to 635 cm À1 and the B 2g peak shied to 884 cm À1 with a decrease in the peak intensity due to Ni 2+ doping. The above phenomena provide powerful evidence of the incorporation of nickel into the SnO 2 cassiterite lattice.…”

“…20 The 3d transition metals (Cu, Ni, Co, and Mn) can enable highly reversible conversion reactions when added to SnO 2 nanomaterials. 16,21,22 The added TM can be useful for inducing oxygen vacancies in SnO 2 in the lithiated electrode, resulting in an increased coulombic efficiency of more than 83%. Previous results have demonstrated the advantage of incorporating transition metals into SnO 2 to overcome reversibility problems.…”

Ni-Doped SnO2 as an Electron Transport Layer by a Low-Temperature Process in Planar Perovskite Solar Cells

“…Moreover, Figure S2 , Supporting Information shows the increase in the relative intensity peaks of nickel-doped samples, implying the incorporation of Ni + into the SnO 2 lattice. 28 , 29 …”