NGOs in Tourism and Preservation Democratic Accountability and Sustainability in Question

Liburd, Janne J.

doi:10.1080/02508281.2004.11081448

Cited by 11 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Some authors showed that projects may yield social benefits, even where they fail to achieve conservation goals [107, 113]. Some showed that projects may improve the local sense of ownership and environmental awareness, even if they fail to deliver expected economic returns [85, 96, 97, 99]. …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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NGO Partnerships in Using Ecotourism for Conservation: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2016

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We analyse 214 cases worldwide where non-governmental organisations (NGOs) use ecotourism for conservation. Other stakeholders in these initiatives include local communities, the private sector, and government agencies. Stakeholder relationships determine NGO roles and project management structures and governance. We classified cases into 10 structural categories based on the initiating stakeholder and the NGO role, and used these categories to analyze geographic patterns and success factors. Most of the 214 cases are community-based (~170; 79%); most are in developing countries (190; 89%); and most are in protected areas (196; 91%). Frequencies of structural categories differ between continents. More cases in Latin America and Asia are initiated by NGOs and local communities, and more in Africa by the private sector. Case-study authors used a range of economic, socio-cultural and environmental criteria to judge whether projects were successful. At global scale, we found no significant association between project success and the involvement of private tourism entrepreneurs. Projects involving either local or international NGOs had higher success rates than those that involved both simultaneously. Future research could adopt political ecology approaches to examine: the factors that lead NGOs to adopt ecotourism enterprises; their internal decision-making processes and strategies; their interactions with the stakeholders involved; and their conservation goals and outcomes.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Few of these case studies, however (S3 Table), quantified the conservation outcomes of NGO-based ecotourism projects accurately or precisely [57, 81, 83, 85, 93–96, 99, 105, 106, 120, 122, 123]. Four mechanisms were identified.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

NGO Partnerships in Using Ecotourism for Conservation: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2016

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“…non-profit organizations, as one of the stakeholders in the successful development of tourism (Hassan, 2000;Swarbrooke, 2001;Araujo, Bramwell, 1999;Jamal, Stronza, 2009;Ellis, Sheridan, 2014. ) According to Farmaki (2015) and Liburd (2004), the widening of associations' activities is a milestone in tourism because associations have the ability to reduce the gap between different social classes by including different approaches and sustainable tourism practices. Given that, it can be assumed that associations have the creative potential and flexibility needed for initiatives in sustainable tourism development.…”

Section: Associations' Relations To Tourismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The term "fundraising" has many different meanings but it most commonly refers to the idea of gathering resources from different donors. In its broadest sense, fundraising is a process which enables access to necessary funds in order to secure the flow of income that will ultimately enable the maintenance of nonprofit organizations' activities (Lewinsky, Muharemović, 2011). Defined like that, fundraising refers to all activities carried out in a non-profit organization to provide resources necessary for its sustainability and the implementation of its mission.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Npo Fundraising Through Tourism

Dadić¹,

Ribarić²

2019

Tourism in Southern and Eastern Europe

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Purpose -Civil society associations, the most common form of non-profit organizations in Croatia, have a wide range of possibilities for operating in the tourism system and integrating their own activities and goals with the tourism goals of the area in which they operate. Associations engaged in tourism have a broad spectrum of opportunities to raise funds for their activities which, ultimately, helps to enhance their financial stability by increasing the share of their own earned income (self-funding) and reducing the share of public grants, which currently make up the largest share in the income structure of associations in Croatia. The objective and purpose of this paper is to determine to what extent associations (that have an effect on tourism) have recognized the possibilities of raising funds, available to them through tourism system. Methodology: For this purpose, an online survey was conducted among the members of associations in four of the most developed tourism destinations in Croatia according to the tourist traffic data for the last 10 years (Dubrovnik, Rovinj, Poreč, Medulin). The research was conducted on the sample of 205 associations, which, according to their scope of activity, have a direct or indirect impact on tourism. Findings -Based on the conducted research, it is evident that associations operating in tourism fail to use, to any significant extent, certain potentially very effective methods of fundraising and they do not perceive tourists as potential donors and a source of funding. One of the underlying reasons is certainly insufficient knowledge about the possibilities of fundraising in general, and especially about the possibilities of fundraising for associations operating in tourism destinations. Contribution -The contribution of this paper is that it regards associations as part of the tourism system and provides an overview of fundraising opportunities for associations whose activities affect tourism.

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“…According to Fisher (1993) and Liburd (2004) the expansion of NPOs activities represents a turning point for tourism because of their capability to reduce the gap between different strata of society by involving different approaches and encouraging sustainable tourism activities. NPOs have the creative potential and flexibility in the initiatives of sustainable tourism development (Dabphet, 2012).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

IDENTIFYING THE IMPACTS OF NPOs ON TOURISM IN ORDER TO INCREASE THEIR FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY

Dadić¹,

Ribarić²

2017

Tourism in Southern and Eastern Europe

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NPOs as associations of citizens gather individuals with the same or similar interests who come together to solve some present social problem. While having positive impact on life quality of a particular community, in a tourist destination they potentially improve the diversity and quality of tourist offer. Purpose -The purpose of this paper is to determine the direct and indirect impact that NPO's activities have or may have on tourism, to point out the possibility of funding their work through tourism and that way increase the level of self-earned funds and decrease their dependence on public funds. Methodology -Direct and indirect impacts of NPOs on tourism have been delimited according to the scope of activity by Register of Associations (NPOs). Data of the number of registered NPOs were compared with the tourist traffic in four major Croatian destinations by using a simple linear regression model for each of the four destinations. The four models were estimated using the OLS method. Findings -The results show that the number of NPOs has a significant influence on tourism traffic (tourist arrivals). Future research should focus on the defining the models of NPOs' funding trough tourism in order to increase their financial sustainability. Originality of the research -This paper improves the existing knowledge with new theoretical contribution about the influence of NPOs in the field of tourism. The linkage between NPOs and tourism traffic was empirically tested on the sample of four major tourist destinations in Croatia. The paper provides the basis for NPO's board members for reconsidering their positon within the tourism system and finding innovative and creative ways of connecting their activities with tourism for funding purposes.

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NGOs in Tourism and Preservation Democratic Accountability and Sustainability in Question

Cited by 11 publications

References 4 publications

NGO Partnerships in Using Ecotourism for Conservation: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

NGO Partnerships in Using Ecotourism for Conservation: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Npo Fundraising Through Tourism

IDENTIFYING THE IMPACTS OF NPOs ON TOURISM IN ORDER TO INCREASE THEIR FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY

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