Next Steps in Describing Aging and Disease in Longitudinal Studies

Jl, Fozard; Ej, Metter; Lj, Brant

doi:10.1093/geronj/45.4.p116

Cited by 89 publications

(45 citation statements)

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“…Due to a lack of availability of longitudinal data as well as non-established criterion to identify significant biomarkers of aging, there is little consensus among researchers concerning BA estimation in humans. Recently, longitudinal human aging studies have reported that age-related change is not uniform (Ekonomov et al, 1989;Fozard et al, 1990). There is no clear pattern across all physiological systems.…”

Section: Biomarkers Of Aging In Women and The Rate Of Longitudinal Chmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomarkers of Aging in Women and the Rate of Longitudinal Changes.

Ueno

Yamashita

Moritani

et al. 2003

J. Physiol. Anthropol.

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The purposes of this study were 1) to estimate biological age score (BAS) in Japanese healthy women based on the 4-7 years longitudinal data for physiological, hematological and biochemical examinations and 2) to examine the rate of aging changes in adult women based on the estimated BAS. The samples consisted of cross-sectional (nϭ981) and longitudinal (nϭ110) groups. Out of 31 variables examined, five variables (forced expiratory volume in 1.0 s, systolic blood pressure, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, glucose, albumin/globulin ratio) that met the following criteria: 1) significant cross-sectional correlation with age; 2) significant longitudinal change in the same direction as the cross-sectional correlation; and 3) assessment of redundancy, were selected as candidate biomarkers of aging. This variable set was then submitted into a principal component analysis, and the first principal component obtained from this analysis was used as an equation for assessing one's BAS. Individual BAS showed a high longitudinal stability of age-related changes, suggesting high predictive validity of our newly developed aging measurement equation. However, changes in the aging rate based on the estimated BAS were not constant. The mean slopes of the regression lines of BAS for the three age groups (ageϽ45, 45ϹageϽ65 yrs, 65Ϲage) were 0.095, 0.065, 0.138, respectively. One-way analysis of variance detected a significant difference (Fϭ5.14, pϽ0.01) among the three age groups. These results suggest that the rate of aging in adult women is relatively slower until 65 years of age, but after 65, the rate of aging shows a rapid increase. We concluded that the longitudinal method used for selection of variables to compute the BAS was useful and theoretically valid compared to those obtained from cross-sectional data analysis.

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Section: Biomarkers Of Aging In Women and The Rate Of Longitudinal Chmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomarkers of Aging in Women and the Rate of Longitudinal Changes.

Ueno

Yamashita

Moritani

et al. 2003

J. Physiol. Anthropol.

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“…The number of medical diagnoses and medications used tend to increase sharply after 60 years of age [6][7][8] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estudo Normativo do Token Test versão reduzida: dados preliminares para uma população de idosos brasileiros

Moreira¹,

Schlottfeldt²,

Paula³

et al. 2011

Rev. psiquiatr. clín.

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Introduction: The preservation of oral comprehension in the elderly is correlated with the preservation of their cognitive functions. Oral comprehension is a key feature for communication and its evaluation allows for the identification of more specific cognitive deficits, in addition to facilitating the development of more effective, early intervention strategies. Objective: Provide contemporary standards for the use of an instrument to assess oral comprehension, the Token Test, in a sample of healthy seniors. Method: A sample of 120 patients (76 women) with mean age of 71.1 years and 6.9 years of formal education, was assessed using the Mini Mental State Examination to identify the existence of cognitive impairment, and the Token Test to assess oral comprehension. Results: There were significant correlations (p < 0.01) between the token test scores for education and age, which accounted for 5% and 21% of shared variance, respectively. These two variables were considered on the normative data tables. Discussion: The data obtained indicate that the standards provided here are sufficiently representative. This study identifies the need for future studies comparing the Token Test performance in elderly people either healthy or in the process of cognitive decline.

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“…As with vision, age-related changes in auditory thresholds occur neurally as well as at the level of the end organ [5]. It has been suggested that both sensory and cognitive aging are due to the same brain-related changes [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two-Year Decline in Vision but Not Hearing Is Associated with Memory Decline in Very Old Adults in a Population-Based Sample

Luszcz²,

2001

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Background: Recent cross-sectional research in cognitive aging has demonstrated a robust association between visual acuity, auditory thresholds and cognitive performance in old age. However, the nature of the association is still unclear, particularly with respect to whether sensory and cognitive function are causally related. Objective: This study aimed to determine whether marked declines in performance on screening measures of either visual acuity or auditory thresholds have an effect on cognitive decline over 2 years. Methods: The sample from the Australian Longitudinal Study of Ageing (n = 2,087) were assessed in 1992 and 1994 on measures of sensory and cognitive function as part of a larger clinical assessment. A quasi-experimental design involving comparison of extreme groups using repeated measures MANCOVA with age as a covariate was used. Results: Group performance on measures of hearing, memory, verbal ability and processing speed declined significantly. Decline in visual acuity had a significant effect on memory decline, but not on decline in verbal ability or processing speed. Decline in hearing was not associated with decline in any cognitive domain. Conclusion: The common association between visual acuity, auditory thresholds and cognitive function observed in cross-sectional studies appears to be disassociated in longitudinal studies.

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Next Steps in Describing Aging and Disease in Longitudinal Studies

Cited by 89 publications

References 0 publications

Biomarkers of Aging in Women and the Rate of Longitudinal Changes.

Biomarkers of Aging in Women and the Rate of Longitudinal Changes.

Estudo Normativo do Token Test versão reduzida: dados preliminares para uma população de idosos brasileiros

Two-Year Decline in Vision but Not Hearing Is Associated with Memory Decline in Very Old Adults in a Population-Based Sample

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