Newly synthesized palm esters for cosmetics industry

Keng, Pei Sin; Basri, Mahiran; Zakaria, Mohd Rezuwan Shah; Rahman, Mohd Basyaruddin Abdul; Ariff, Arbakariya B.; Rahman, R.N.Z. Abdul; Salleh, Abu Bakar

doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2008.04.002

Cited by 109 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The palm kernel cake is left-over as a by-product after the oil extraction process of the palm oil industry and contains a large number of non-starch polysaccharides with mannan (78%) as the major component (Dusterhoft et al 1992; Keng et al 2009). Therefore, it can serve as a readily available and low-cost substrate for commercial exploitation for mannanase production.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental design of response surface methodology used for utilisation of palm kernel cake as solid substrate for optimised production of fungal mannanase

et al. 2016

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The results obtained from this work strongly indicate that the solid state fermentation (SSF) system using the palm kernel cake (PKC) as a substrate is an economical method for the production of β-mannanase at extremely low operational cost based on the fact that PKC is one of the cheap and abundant agro-waste by-products of the palm oil industry. Under initial conditions, i.e. 2 mm particle size of PKC, the moisture ratio of 1:1 of PKC:moistening agent and pH 7, Malbranchea cinnamomea NFCCI 3724 produced 109 U/gram distribution of the substrate (gds). The production of β-mannanase was optimised by the statistical approach response surface methodology (RSM) using independent variables, namely initial moisture (12.5), pH (9.0) and solka floc (100 mg). Noticeably, six fold enhancement of β-mannanase production (599 U/gds) was obtained under statistically optimised conditions. HPLC results revealed that β-mannanase is an endo-active enzyme that generated manno-oligosaccharides with a degree of polymerisation (DP) of 3 and 4. Semi-native PAGE analysis revealed that M. cinnamomea produced three isoforms of mannanase. Selective production of oligosaccharide makes M. cinnamomea β-mannanase an attractive enzyme for use in food and nutraceutical industries.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental design of response surface methodology used for utilisation of palm kernel cake as solid substrate for optimised production of fungal mannanase

et al. 2016

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“…The oil is non irritant on human skin 2) , increases the skin hydration due to its moisturizing properties 2) , shows high thermal stability 2) , and it could be used in cosmetic or medicinal formulations to deliver poorly watersoluble lipophilic actives or drugs 17) . It has been reported that only very specific pharmaceutical excepients combinations lead to efficient nanoemulsion formulations 18) .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Palm oil consists of triglycerides, a combination of glycerol and different fatty acids. Palm oil is derived from the fruit of the palm tree Elaesis guineenis and is rich in C 16 and C 18 fatty acids 1,2) . Research bodies in Malaysia such as Malaysia Palm Oil Board (MPOB), Palm Oil Research Institute of Malaysia (PORIM) and Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM) are actively modifying palm oil in to better constituents having improved properties and new applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Alcoholysis of triglycerides from palm oil to produce palm oil esters using lipase as a catalyst is a relatively simple process and moreover the starting materials are cheap [3][4][5][6] . Synthesis or modification of lipids for example; modification of Palm Oil into Palm Oil Esters (POEs) has grown due to the possibility of obtaining a wide variety of high quality natural products under mild reaction conditions utilizing selective enzyme substrate as environment friendly biocatalysts 2,7) . In this study we undertook the project in collaboration with Basri M. et al of Universiti Putra Malaysia to produce topical nanoemulsions by using Palm Oil Esters (POEs) as the oil phase and ketoprofen which is an excellent candidate among the NSAIDs as the model drug for transdermal delivery 8) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Formulation and in vitro Evaluation of Ketoprofen in Palm Oil Esters Nanoemulsion for Topical Delivery

et al. 2010

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The aim of the present study is to formulate and investigate the potential of nanoemulsion formulation for topical delivery of ketoprofen. In this study, Palm Oil Esters (POEs) a newly introduced oil by Universiti Putra Malaysia researchers was chosen for the oil phase of the nanoemulsion, because the oil was reported to be a good vehicle for pharmaceutical use. Oil-in-water nanoemulsion was prepared by spontaneous emulsification method. The droplets size was studied by laser scattering spectroscopy (Nanophox) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). Franz diffusion cells were used, to determine the drug release and drug transferred through methyl acetate cellulose membrane (artificial membrane). The results of droplets size analysis shows the droplets are in the range of nanoemulsion which is below than 500 nm. The in vitro release profile shows a sufficient percentage of drugs released through the methyl acetate cellulose membrane. This initial study showed that the nanoemulsion formulated using POEs has great potential for topical delivery of ketoprofen.

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“…Therefore, they are commonly used in processing in biotechnological industries, including food (De Maria et al, 2007;Rajan et al, 2008;Keng et al, 2009), cosmetics and personal care products, oleochemicals (Xia et al, 1996;Lai et al, 2005;Saisubramanian et al, 2006;Goswami et al, 2013) and biomedical industries as well as bioremediation (Lanciotti et al, 2005;Cammarota & Freire, 2006) and biosensor applications (Albertsson & Varma, 2003;Kartal et al, 2007;Sandoval et al 2010). Nowadays, yeast and fungi are very attractive lipaseproducing systems for industrial applications due to the versatility of their properties and ease of mass production (Fickers et al, 2011;Singh & Mukhopadhyay, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome mining of fungal lipid-degrading enzymes for industrial applications

et al. 2015

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Lipases are interesting enzymes, which contribute important roles in maintaining lipid homeostasis and cellular metabolisms. Using available genome data, seven lipase families of oleaginous and non-oleaginous yeast and fungi were categorized based on the similarity of their amino acid sequences and conserved structural domains. Of them, triacylglycerol lipase (patatin-domaincontaining protein) and steryl ester hydrolase (abhydro_lipase-domain-containing protein) families were ubiquitous enzymes found in all species studied. The two essential lipases rendered signature characteristics of integral membrane proteins that might be targeted to lipid monolayer particles. At least one of the extracellular lipase families existed in each species of yeast and fungi. We found that the diversity of lipase families and the number of genes in individual families of oleaginous strains were greater than those identified in non-oleaginous species, which might play a role in nutrient acquisition from surrounding hydrophobic substrates and attribute to their obese phenotype. The gene/enzyme catalogue and relevant informative data of the lipases provided by this study are not only valuable toolboxes for investigation of the biological role of these lipases, but also convey potential in various industrial applications.

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Newly synthesized palm esters for cosmetics industry

Cited by 109 publications

References 11 publications

Experimental design of response surface methodology used for utilisation of palm kernel cake as solid substrate for optimised production of fungal mannanase

Experimental design of response surface methodology used for utilisation of palm kernel cake as solid substrate for optimised production of fungal mannanase

Formulation and in vitro Evaluation of Ketoprofen in Palm Oil Esters Nanoemulsion for Topical Delivery

Genome mining of fungal lipid-degrading enzymes for industrial applications

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