Newly diagnosed diabetes vs. pre-existing diabetes upon admission for COVID-19: Associated factors, short-term outcomes, and long-term glycemic phenotypes

Cromer, Sara J.; Colling, Caitlin; Schatoff, Daria; Leary, Michael; Stamou, Maria; Selen, Daryl J.; Putman, Melissa S.; Wexler, Deborah J.

doi:10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2022.108145

Cited by 42 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Diabetes persisted in approximately 2% of NOD patients at 6 months. In a more recent study by Cromer et al [5], of 1902 COVID-19 patients (median age: 59.1 years) admitted to a single tertiary care hospital in Boston, 77 (13.0%) were diagnosed with NOD. NOD was defined if the patient had no prior history of diabetes (based on self-reports or clinical notes), no HbA1c values ≥6.5%, no random blood glucose [RBG] values >200 mg/dl, and had never taken non-metformin diabetes medications.…”

Section: To the Editormentioning

confidence: 99%

Persistence of new-onset diabetes in the post-acute phase of COVID-19

Sathish

Anton

2022

Int J Diabetes Dev Ctries

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Section: To the Editormentioning

confidence: 99%

Persistence of new-onset diabetes in the post-acute phase of COVID-19

Sathish

Anton

2022

Int J Diabetes Dev Ctries

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“…The above studies relate to the effect of diabetes mellitus on the risks associated with COVID-19, but COVID-19 is also a risk for developing diabetes mellitus and insulin resistance. Cromer et al [ 82 ] found that of 1902 patients with COVID-19, 27% had preexisting diabetes and another 4% developed new onset diabetes mellitus. Death rate among the new onset diabetics was exceptionally high at about 17%.…”

Section: Peripheral Insulin Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Montefusco et al [ 83 ] found that about 12% of COVID-19 patients who previously did not have a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus were diagnosable by American Diabetes Association criteria as diabetic, with another 18.5% having transient hyperglycemia. This suggests that COVID-19 can cause both a short-term and a persistent form of diabetes mellitus that can continue long after recovery [ 82 , 83 ].…”

Section: Peripheral Insulin Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Insulin Resistance in Peripheral Tissues and the Brain: A Tale of Two Sites

2022

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The concept of insulin resistance has been around since a few decades after the discovery of insulin itself. To allude to the classic Charles Dicken’s novel published 62 years before the discovery of insulin, in some ways, this is the best of times, as the concept of insulin resistance has expanded to include the brain, with the realization that insulin has a life beyond the regulation of glucose. In other ways, it is the worst of times as insulin resistance is implicated in devastating diseases, including diabetes mellitus, obesity, and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) that affect the brain. Peripheral insulin resistance affects nearly a quarter of the United States population in adults over age 20. More recently, it has been implicated in AD, with the degree of brain insulin resistance correlating with cognitive decline. This has led to the investigation of brain or central nervous system (CNS) insulin resistance and the question of the relation between CNS and peripheral insulin resistance. While both may involve dysregulated insulin signaling, the two conditions are not identical and not always interlinked. In this review, we compare and contrast the similarities and differences between peripheral and CNS insulin resistance. We also discuss how an apolipoprotein involved in insulin signaling and related to AD, apolipoprotein E (apoE), has distinct pools in the periphery and CNS and can indirectly affect each system. As these systems are both separated but also linked via the blood–brain barrier (BBB), we discuss the role of the BBB in mediating some of the connections between insulin resistance in the brain and in the peripheral tissues.

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“… Montefusco et al (2021) showed that among the group of 57 patients with new-onset hyperglycemia detected at admission with SARS-CoV-2 infection, 35% were still hyperglycemic after 6 months, 2% were diagnosed with diabetes, and in the remaining patients, blood glucose level returned to normal. Similarly, out of 64 SARS-CoV-2 (+) patients with new-onset diabetes, 56% were hyperglycemic after 323 days, while 41% returned to a normoglycemic state ( Cromer et al, 2022 ). Gupta et al examined 19 SARS-CoV-2 (+) patients with new-onset islet autoantibody (-) diabetes.…”

Section: Pancreatitis and New-onset Diabetes As Complications After S...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Diabetes and SARS-CoV-2–Is There a Mutual Connection?

Jedrzejak

Urbaniak

Waśko

et al. 2022

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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SARS-CoV-2, a newly emerged virus described for the first time in late 2019, affects multiple organs in humans, including the pancreas. Here, we present the bilateral link between the pathophysiology of diabetes and COVID-19, with diabetes being COVID-19 comorbidity, and a complication of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Analysis of clinical data indicates that patients with chronic conditions like diabetes are at increased risk of severe COVID-19, hospitalization, ICU admission, and death compared to the healthy subjects. Further, we show that SARS-CoV-2 infection might be also associated with the development of new-onset diabetes and diabetic ketoacidosis. We then discuss the options for studying SARS-CoV-2 infection in pancreatic settings, including the use of human pluripotent stem cell-derived pancreatic organoids. Further, we review the presence of SARS-CoV-2 receptors in different pancreatic cell types and the infection efficiency based on pancreatic sections from COVID-19 patients and primary human islet in vitro studies. Finally, we discuss the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on human pancreatic cell homeostasis, focusing on β-cells.

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Newly diagnosed diabetes vs. pre-existing diabetes upon admission for COVID-19: Associated factors, short-term outcomes, and long-term glycemic phenotypes

Cited by 42 publications

References 32 publications

Persistence of new-onset diabetes in the post-acute phase of COVID-19

Persistence of new-onset diabetes in the post-acute phase of COVID-19

Insulin Resistance in Peripheral Tissues and the Brain: A Tale of Two Sites

Diabetes and SARS-CoV-2–Is There a Mutual Connection?

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