New wideband textile antenna for SAR investigation in head microwave imaging

Abstract

In this paper, a wideband textile antenna for microwave imaging is presented. The antenna operates from 1.2 to 6 GHz at -10 dB level of the reflection coefficient magnitude. Whilst, the transmission coefficients of the two antennas are lower than -20 dB level. The SAR value when only one antenna is attached to the head phantom has been investigated. In addition, the maximum value of SAR is also obtained when two antennas are attached to the head phantom. The results show that the SAR levels are 0.047 W/kg and 0.022 W/kg at averaged 10 g tissues, respectively. Due to the values of SAR are far below the standard limit, thus this antenna is suitable to be used for microwave imaging.

A double hollow rectangular‐shaped patch and with the slotted ground plane monopole wideband antenna for microwave head imaging applications

“…12 Researchers have been developing separate categories of antennae for head image applications is based on image characteristics for microwaves. There are a few deserving references, such as monopoly antenna with high fidelity, 13 EBG-based patch antenna, 14 directional-omnidirectional UWB antenna, [15][16][17][18] modified Vivaldi antenna, 19 several types of 3D antenna, 20,21 flexible antenna, 22,23 printed monopole antenna, 24,25 monopoly textile patch antenna, 26 CPW and metamaterial loaded monopole antenna. 27,28 Tiny antennas, including broadband, limited SAR, strong impedance match, improved gain, better radiation capacity, greater bandwidth, and reliability, are demanding problems in modern microwave head scanning.…”

A Grounded Coplanar Waveguide-Based Slotted Inverted Delta-Shaped Wideband Antenna for Microwave Head Imaging

“…With respect to microwave imaging features, scholars have been proposed numerous categories of antenna for head imaging platforms. For instance, tapered slot antenna [7], triangle patch microstrip antenna [16], ultrawideband (UWB) slot antenna [17], electromagnetic band gap (EBG) based antenna [18], slotted T-shaped antenna [19], printed monopole [20], flexible monopole [6], different types of UWB array antenna [21][22][23], directional monopole antenna [6], various categories of antipodal Vivaldi antenna [24][25][26][27], various categories Vivaldi antennas [28,29], wideband textile antenna [30], conformal antenna [31], bowtie antenna [32], wideband monopole antenna [33], different types of 3D antenna such as slot-loaded wideband antenna [14], stacked 3D folded antennas [34,35], slot-loaded folded dipole antenna [36]. In the current microwave head imaging applications stage, it is essential to design comparatively small size antennas with wideband, high gain, directional radiation capability, higher bandwidth, and efficiency.…”

Design and Specific Absorption Rate of 2.6 GHz Rectangular-Shaped Planar Inverted-F Antenna

“…SAR is the amount of EM field radiation absorbed by the human body from any wireless devices such as mobile phone. A wireless device's SAR rate is used to estimate the maximum rate of radio frequency (RF) energy absorption by a user's body when using the device [6]. In the United States, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) sets the SAR exposure limit for the general public to be 1.6 watts per kilogram (1.6 W/kg) [7].…”