New syntheses of calixarene-p-sulphonates and p-nitrocalixarenes

Shinkai, Seiji; Araki, Koji; Tsubaki, Takayuki; Arimura, Takashi; Manabe, Osamu

doi:10.1039/p19870002297

Cited by 210 publications

(119 citation statements)

References 1 publication

(3 reference statements)

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“…The presence of KOH has been reported to be crucial to the formation of metallic silver. 22 The formation mechanism of Ag nanoparticles under alkaline conditions is suggested to proceed via deprotonation of phenolic moieties of (i) SCX6 11 and (ii) graphene oxide 26 that provides sites for Ag + to interact with. In particular, graphene oxide contains oxygenated functionalities such carboxylic groups located at the edges as well as epoxide and hydroxyl groups positioned on the surface of its hexagonal basal plane, the latter becoming a phenolic entity.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5 The as-prepared GO was then used as a precursor for the synthesis of Ag-graphene nanocomposites. [20][21][22] CHFS experiments for synthesis of Ag and Ag-graphene nanocomposites were conducted using a flow reactor designed according to that reported previously, 5 were added to a pre-sonicated (30 min) GO dispersion in DI water. This was pumped (via pump P2) to meet a flow of KOH (0.2 M delivered via P3) at a T-junction (T) from where the mixture then proceeded to meet superheated water (450 °C, 24.1 MPa delivered via P1) inside the counter-current mixer (R in Scheme 2), to give product formation in a continuous manner.…”

Section: Synthetic Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Calixarene Assisted Rapid Synthesis of Silver-Graphene Nanocomposites with Enhanced Antibacterial Activity

Kellici

Acord

Vaughn

et al. 2016

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Demonstrated herein is a single rapid approach employed for synthesis of Aggraphene nanocomposites, with excellent antibacterial properties and low cytotoxicity, by utilizing a Continuous Hydrothermal Flow Synthesis (CHFS) process in combination with phexasulfonic acid calix[6]arene (SCX6) as an effective particle stabilizer. The nanocomposites showed high activity against E. coli (Gram-negative) and S. aureus (Gram-positive) bacteria.The materials were characterized using a range of techniques including transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Raman spectroscopy, UV-Vis spectrophotometry, FT-IR and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD). This rapid, single step synthetic approach not only provides a facile means of enabling and controlling graphene reduction (under alkaline conditions), but also offers an optimal route for homogeneously producing and depositing highly crystalline Ag nanostructures into reduced graphene oxide substrate.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Synthetic Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calixarene Assisted Rapid Synthesis of Silver-Graphene Nanocomposites with Enhanced Antibacterial Activity

Kellici

Acord

Vaughn

et al. 2016

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…As they are poorly soluble in water, the necessity of appending ionic functional groups, such as carboxylic acid (-COOH) or sulfonic acid (-SO 3 H) groups at the para-position of the phenolic units has been reported in literature (see [3,4] and Chapter 24 in [1]). Sulfonated calix [n]arenes are consequently versatile water-soluble binding agents able to bind with a significant selectivity a large set of interesting species, whether these latter are molecular or mono-atomic, ionic or neutral, and organic, inorganic or biological [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation between ion-exchange properties and swelling/shrinking processes in hexasulfonated calix[6]arene doped polypyrrole films: ac-electrogravimetry and electrochemical atomic force microscopy investigations

Kim¹,

Gabrielli²,

Pailleret³

et al. 2011

Electrochimica Acta

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. Correlation between ion-exchange properties and swelling/shrinking processes in hexasulfonated calix [6]arene doped polypyrrole films: ac-electrogravimetry and electrochemical atomic force microscopy investigations. Electrochimica Acta, Elsevier, 2011Elsevier, , 56 (10), pp.3516-3525. <10.1016Elsevier, /j.electacta.2010 -00811845> 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 Unexpectedly, within the potential range encompassing this process, K + cations were found to be exchanged for more cathodic potentials whereas H 3 O + are exchanged for more anodic potentials. EC-AFM investigations revealed substantial shrinking and swelling during the oxidation (doping) and reduction (undoping) processes respectively. An obvious correlation can easily be built between these observations: the oxidation of the polymer films provokes an expulsion of the cations, as expected from cation exchanger polymer films, and therefore a decrease of the volume (and thickness) of these films whereas their reduction causes an insertion of cations and an increase of their volume (and thickness). This electromechanical mechanism is amplified by the simultaneous exchange of free water molecules. Suggestions based on these observations, on structural characteristics of polypyrrole films, and on complexation ability of hexasulfonated calix [6]arenes incorporated in the films are discussed to explain i) the change of the identity of the exchanged cations as a function of the potential, ii) the exchange of free water molecules and, iii) the exchange of small amounts of nitrate ions.

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“…by Shinkai et al [28]. Aqueous solutions were prepared using water which was distilled and Milli-Q purified in the laboratory (14 MW cm, pH 5.0).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Characterisation of Polypyrrole Doped with p‐Sulfonatocalix[4]arene

et al. 2012

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Polypyrrole (PPy) films doped with macrocyclic calixarene anions are attractive materials for the development of selective sensor materials and membrane systems as the incorporation of the macrocycles can confer specific recognition sites within the polymer matrix. However, unlike many other PPy films a calixarene-doped system is more complicated as calixarenes are themselves electroactive. Here we present results on the electroactivity, impedance properties and morphology of polypyrrole doped with p-sulfonatocalix[4]arene. The calixarene in the polymer was found to be irreversibly oxidised at potentials greater than 0.500 V vs. SCE and reacted to form a new redox active species that was trapped within the polymer matrix. The results from the impedance and EQCM studies indicated that the calixarene was permanently trapped within the polymer matrix and the polymer acted as a cation exchange material. In addition, the data acquired from the EQCM experiments showed that while the material displayed simple cation exchange properties at high scan rates, at lower scan rates the transport of neutral species was also observed. Overall, our findings indicate that the PPy-C4S system is suitable for use as a stable conducting polymer doped with an immobile anion within the potential window of À0.800 V to 0.500 V vs. SCE.

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New syntheses of calixarene-p-sulphonates and p-nitrocalixarenes

Cited by 210 publications

References 1 publication

Calixarene Assisted Rapid Synthesis of Silver-Graphene Nanocomposites with Enhanced Antibacterial Activity

Calixarene Assisted Rapid Synthesis of Silver-Graphene Nanocomposites with Enhanced Antibacterial Activity

Correlation between ion-exchange properties and swelling/shrinking processes in hexasulfonated calix[6]arene doped polypyrrole films: ac-electrogravimetry and electrochemical atomic force microscopy investigations

Electrochemical Characterisation of Polypyrrole Doped with p‐Sulfonatocalix[4]arene

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