New Strategies for Aspiration Pneumonia.

Sasaki, Hidetada; Sekizawa, Kiyohisa; Yanai, Masaru; Arai, Hiroyuki; Yamaya, Mutsuo; Ohrui, Takashi

doi:10.2169/internalmedicine.36.851

Cited by 47 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 59 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Therefore, it is suggested that the bedridden condition encourages infection or accumulation of C. albicans, Pseudomonas spp., and S. marcescens in plaque and, thus, is a risk factor for respiratory tract infection by aspiration. Bedridden subjects were also found to be subject to a progressive loss of protective reflexes, which is also a factor with aspiration pneumonia in the elderly [25].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systemic Diseases in Association with Microbial Species in Oral Biofilm from Elderly Requiring Care

Sogame²,

et al. 2003

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: The oral cavity is a reservoir for colonization and infection of systemic organs by pathogenic bacteria. It is understood that aging, tooth eruption, hormonal changes, active disease, oral hygiene, and other factors have an influence on biofilm formation and bacterial accumulation in the oral cavity. Objective: To understand the influence of systemic health care on microfloral changes, we conducted epidemiological studies of nursing home residents in an attempt to elucidate the relationship between underlying systemic diseases and the isolation frequency of oral opportunistic pathogens. Methods: The prevalence of bacteria and fungi causing pneumonia in association with oral biofilm bacteria were determined using detection culture plates. The influences of gender, age, denture-wearing status, number of teeth, and bedridden status in the patients residing in nursing homes were then analyzed. Results: The isolation frequency rates of Candida albicans, Pseudomonadaceae, Staphylococcus spp., and some strains of Enterobacteriaceae in plaque samples, as well as C. albicans and Xanthomonas maltophilia in samples from the pharynx, were significantly higher in those requiring systemic care (mean age 83.9 years) than in those who did not require such care (mean 71.0 years). In particular, the frequencies of Pseudomonas spp., C. albicans, and Serratia marcescens in plaque were significantly higher in those who were bedridden. Furthermore, the isolation of Pseudomonas spp. and Klebsiella pneumoniae, and/or C. albicans in plaque was significantly associated with heart disease. Conclusion: The coexistence of Pseudomonas spp. and C. albicans in elderly with 10–19 teeth is a potential indicator of high risk for pneumonia and heart disease. Therefore, attention to oral hygiene and professional care for removing the indicators may diminish the occurrence of systemic disease in the elderly requiring systemic care.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systemic Diseases in Association with Microbial Species in Oral Biofilm from Elderly Requiring Care

Sogame²,

et al. 2003

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This possibility can present in adults because the fetal protective reflex of glottic closure is not eliminated after birth but continues during adulthood and is important for coughing when there is exhalation against a partially closed glottis in order to clear secretions and materials from the lower airways. A closed glottis participates in the Valsalva maneuver [95].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vocal Cord Dysfunction after an Inhalation Exposure

Brooks¹

2017

J Allergy Ther

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The manuscript embodies case material and the author's extensive personal experience to address a perceived or actual airborne exposure when incorrectly judged as due to intrathoracic/lung damage when in reality the outcome is the more innocuous extrathoracic/upper airway's vocal cord dysfunction (VCD). Because of the conviction of possible lung injury, the individual applies the fetal protective glottic closure reflex to counteract an odorant cue instigating acute VCD. Breathing against an obstructed glottis as well as hyperventilation from anxiety, panic and/or fear of personal harm worsens the laryngeal spasm. Spirometer shows flattening of the inspiratory loop of the flow-volume curve and endoscopy, while not done, would reveal adduction of the anterior two-thirds of the vocal cords with posterior chinking creating a diamond shape configuration. Successful therapy and management of VCD requires a speech therapy approach rather than physician prescribed medications.

show abstract

“…As for regulation of the swallowing reflex, which is mediated by endogenous substance P released from vagal sensory nerves in the pharynx and upper airway, substance P plays an important role as a regulator. 31) Some ingredients of Hange-koboku-to might be involved in the changes in substance P. Magnorol and konokiol from Magnoliae Cortex, and perillaldehyde from Perillae Herba have been found to have inhibitory actions on the central nervous system, so the authors speculated that the actions might be related to inhibition of the laryngeal reflex. 32,33) Zingiberis Rhizoma, an ingredient of Hange-koboku-to, contains 6-gingerol and 6-shogaol as its main bioactive compounds.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%