New records of six species of subgenus Sophophora (Drosophila, Drosophilidae) collected in Brazil

Döge, Jonas S.; Gottschalk, Marco Silva; Toni, Daniela Cristina De; Bizzo, Luís; Oliveira, Sabrina Cassimiro Fonseca de; Valente, Vera L. S.; Hofmann, Paulo R. P.

doi:10.11646/zootaxa.675.1.1

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 3 publications

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“…A more robust understanding of the selection pressures underlying the origin and maintenance of the unique spermatogenic adaptation of cyst looping will require examination of more willistoni and saltans group species and, in particular, fieldwork on the evolutionary ecology and mating system of these species, which are distributed in the Neotropical region spanning from southern Mexico into Brazil [69][70][71]. Several of the species can be found across disparate environmental conditions ranging from savanna to tropical rain forest [72,73]. Based on the biology explored in the present study, we make two predictions regarding the evolutionary ecology of the willistoni and saltans group species [74].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sperm Cyst “Looping”: A Developmental Novelty Enabling Extreme Male Ornament Evolution

Syed

Dallai

Nasirzadeh

et al. 2021

Cells

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Postcopulatory sexual selection is credited as a principal force behind the rapid evolution of reproductive characters, often generating a pattern of correlated evolution between interacting, sex-specific traits. Because the female reproductive tract is the selective environment for sperm, one taxonomically widespread example of this pattern is the co-diversification of sperm length and female sperm-storage organ dimension. In Drosophila, having testes that are longer than the sperm they manufacture was believed to be a universal physiological constraint. Further, the energetic and time costs of developing long testes have been credited with underlying the steep evolutionary allometry of sperm length and constraining sperm length evolution in Drosophila. Here, we report on the discovery of a novel spermatogenic mechanism—sperm cyst looping—that enables males to produce relatively long sperm in short testis. This phenomenon (restricted to members of the saltans and willistoni species groups) begins early during spermatogenesis and is potentially attributable to heterochronic evolution, resulting in growth asynchrony between spermatid tails and the surrounding spermatid and somatic cyst cell membranes. By removing the allometric constraint on sperm length, this evolutionary innovation appears to have enabled males to evolve extremely long sperm for their body mass while evading delays in reproductive maturation time. On the other hand, sperm cyst looping was found to exact a cost by requiring greater total energetic investment in testes and a pronounced reduction in male lifespan. We speculate on the ecological selection pressures underlying the evolutionary origin and maintenance of this unique adaptation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sperm Cyst “Looping”: A Developmental Novelty Enabling Extreme Male Ornament Evolution

Syed

Dallai

Nasirzadeh

et al. 2021

Cells

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Diptera, Drosophilidae: historical occurrence in Brazil

Gottschalk¹,

Hofmann²,

Valente³

2008

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This study presents a literature review of Drosophilidae (Diptera) species occurrence in Brazil. The number of species recorded is 304, with Drosophila being the genus with the greatest number of species, followed by Zygothrica, Hirtodrosophila and Diathoneura, which belong to the Drosophilinae subfamily. Drosophila was shown to be the most investigated taxon in the family, with the best resolved species distribution. The low number of records of species from other genera indicates the paucity of studies specifically designed to investigate these species. Records of species for some regions of the country like the north and northeast, as well as for some biomes like Caatinga, Pantanal and the Pampas, are likewise rare. Apart from the banana bait, different collection methods may be necessary, like the collection at other oviposition resources, the use of baits other than fermenting fruit, and the adoption of sampling approaches that do not use baits.

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Study of the Drosophilidae (Diptera) communities on Atlantic Forest islands of Santa Catarina State, Brazil

Toni¹,

Gottschalk²,

Cordeiro³

et al. 2007

Neotrop. entomol.

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A study of the community dynamics of Drosophilidae was carried out in six insular communities and two others on the mainland. Seasonal collections were carried out throughout two years in Santa Catarina State, southern of Brazil. The diversity index calculations show high values when compared with temperate climate communities. The sites on the mainland (Serra do Tabuleiro) presented the highest diversity, which was measured by the Diversity Index (H'). These sites are covered by primary Atlantic Forest and theoretically should have a higher variation of ecological niches. A dendogram showing the similarity between the communities, calculated by Morisita Index, points to a level of similarity equal to 60% for all communities. In this diagram, we can see two clades: one on the mainland and the other on the islands. The six island sites are grouped into one clade and separated into two subclades, one including the sites on Santa Catarina Island and the other consisting of the islands adjacent to this last and very much larger one. These groupings show the very important role of the spatial component on the prediction of the structure of the communities. This fact raises the discussion about the high complexity of the Atlantic Forest ecosystem and consequently the unpredictability of its fauna, highlighting the need of its conservation.

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New records of six species of subgenus Sophophora (Drosophila, Drosophilidae) collected in Brazil

Cited by 3 publications

References 3 publications

Sperm Cyst “Looping”: A Developmental Novelty Enabling Extreme Male Ornament Evolution

Sperm Cyst “Looping”: A Developmental Novelty Enabling Extreme Male Ornament Evolution

Diptera, Drosophilidae: historical occurrence in Brazil

Study of the Drosophilidae (Diptera) communities on Atlantic Forest islands of Santa Catarina State, Brazil

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