New Potential Exhaust Gas Aftertreatment Technologies for “Clean Car” Legislation

Gottberg, Ingemar; Rydquist, J.E.; Backlund, Ove; Wallman, Stephen; Maus, Wolfgang; Brück, Rolf; Swars, Helmut

doi:10.4271/910840

Cited by 52 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The rate of air injection, however, is required to be optimized as large excess air leads to high NO V emission whereas too little air cannot convert HC and CO effectively. The optimum rate of excess O injection was observed (Gottberg et al, 1991) to be 2% for HC and CO and 1% for NO V . HC emissions as low as 0)06 g min\ was attained and the system was effective even at cold ambient conditions.…”

Section: Electrically Heated Catalytic Converters (Ehc)mentioning

confidence: 96%

“…This means that there is no significant reduction of pollutant emissions immediately following cold start of the engine (Figure 2). The HC emission during the warm-up period before the light-off, can account for up to 80% of the engine-out HC emissions for city vehicles (Gottberg et al, 1991). Although an electrically heated catalytic converter can reduce the time to reach the light-off temperature significantly, its durability is still under investigation; the electric heating power also involves an additional fuel economy penalty.…”

Section: Problems Associated With the Twc Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Catalytic control of automotive NOx: a review

Bhattacharyya¹,

Das²

1999

Int. J. Energy Res.

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Section: Electrically Heated Catalytic Converters (Ehc)mentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Problems Associated With the Twc Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalytic control of automotive NOx: a review

Bhattacharyya¹,

Das²

1999

Int. J. Energy Res.

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“…However, the converter is unable to function properly until it is heated up to the activating temperatures of 250-340 o C by the exhaustgases [1]. Therefore, significant amounts of HC and CO are emitted from motor vehicles in the cold-start phase which contribute significantly to the overall emissions in the tailpipes for a typical car journey [2]. Thus, it is of interest to reduce the overall engine emissions in the cold-start phases of an engine.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Reactions in the Exhaust System of a Cold-start Engine

Chan

Hoang

2000

Chem. Eng. Technol.

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“…They include the electrically heated catalyst, exhaust gas igniter, and hydrocarbon trap [6]. Efforts are also in progress to increase the durability of the catalyst as mileage accumulates [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Oxygen-Enriched Intake Air on FFV Exhaust Emissions Using M85

Poola¹,

Sekar²,

Ng³

et al. 1996

SAE Technical Paper Series

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This paper presents the results of emission tests of a flexible fuel vehicle (FFV) powered by an SI engine, fueled by M85, and supplied with oxygen-enriched intake air containing nominal 21%, 23%, and 25% oxygen (by volume). Emission data were collected by following the standard federal test procedure (FTF') and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPAs) "off-cycle'' test EPA-REPO5. Engine-out total hydrocarbons (THCs) and unburned methanol were considerably reduced in the entire FTP cycle when the oxygen content of the intake air was either 23% or 25%. However, CO emissions did not vary appreciably, and NO, emissions were higher. Formaldehyde emissions were reduced by about 53% in bag 1, 84% in bag 2, and 59% in bag 3 of the FTP cycle when 25% oxygen-enriched intake air was used. During the cold-phase FTP, reductions of about 42% in THCs, 40% in unburned methanol, 60% in nonmethane hydrocarbons (NMHCs), and 45% in nonmethane organic gases (NMOGs) were observed when 25% oxygen-enriched intake air was used. The corresponding NO, emissions increased by about 78%. In general, converter-out emissions obtained were also reduced when oxygen-enriched intake air was used, but to a lesser degree. Off-cycle, bag 3 converter-out emissions were reduced when 23% oxygen-enriched intake air was used; CO emissions were reduced by about 67%, and THCs were reduced by about 52%. The FFVs operating on M85 that use 25% oxygenenriched intake air during only the initial 127 s of the cold-phase FTP or that use 23% or 25% oxygen-enriched intake air during only the cold-phase FTP can meet (without adjusting for catalyst deterioration factors) the reactivity-adjusted NMOG, CO, NO,, and formaldehyde emission standards of the transitional lowemission vehicle (TLEV).

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New Potential Exhaust Gas Aftertreatment Technologies for “Clean Car” Legislation

Cited by 52 publications

References 3 publications

Catalytic control of automotive NOx: a review

Catalytic control of automotive NOx: a review

Chemical Reactions in the Exhaust System of a Cold-start Engine

The Effects of Oxygen-Enriched Intake Air on FFV Exhaust Emissions Using M85

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