New potato varieties under intensive phytosanitary technology in the Trans-Urals

Abstract

Cultivation of new varieties of potatoes is a guarantee of high yields and improvement of the phytosanitary situation. The selection of adaptive to adverse environmental factors and more productive potato varieties when growing them using phytosanitary intensive technology has been carried out. According to the purpose potato varieties are divided into table, technical, feed, and universal. Under the environments of the Kurgan region according to statistical data the potato crop in 2018 amounted to 93,6 thousand tons (111 % compared to the level of 2017) with an average yield of 22,0 t/ha. Potatoes are good feed for livestock. In terms of digestibility of organic matter (83–97 %), it as well as forage root crops, is in the fi rst place among plant feed. To feed animals are used the tubers raw or steamed form, as well as top in silage. Processed products, as well as mezga and barda are also excellent feed for livestock and other species of agricultural animals. It has been found during the comprehensive assessment of the quality of tubers that the studied potato varieties in the Central zone of the Kurgan region produce products of diff erent quality. The main prerequisites for realizing the genetic potential of the variety is its cultivation in agro ecological conditions that most fully meet the biological requirements, which allows us to identify not only the potential productivity of potato varieties, but also to determine the possibility of obtaining quality products. The best varieties for cultivation in the production conditions of JSC “Potato” in the Ketovsky district in the Kurgan region were identifi ed using intensive production technology. According to the results of the production test we can recommend Gala variety (commercial yield of 36,4 t/ha) and Bellarosa variety with commercial yield of 25,6 t/ha and one hundred percent marketability of tubers.