New polystyrene sulfonic acid resin catalysts with enhanced acidic and catalytic properties

Siril, Prem Felix; Cross, Hannah E.; Brown, R. C.

doi:10.1016/j.molcata.2007.10.001

Cited by 150 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Since selectivity for HMF increases with temperature, we chose to conduct our dehydration reactions at 180°C. Therefore Amberlyst 70, with a maximum operating temperature of 190°C and an acid content of 2.5 mmol/g, was employed [33]. It reached 86% conversion of fructose after 10 min, but with only 67% selectivity to HMF, Table 2.…”

Section: Reactivity In Fructose Dehydrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bifunctional Solid Catalysts for the Selective Conversion of Fructose to 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural

et al. 2010

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Solid catalysts based on SBA-15 silica were designed for the conversion of fructose to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF). The catalysts incorporate thioether groups that may promote the tautomerization of fructose to its furanose form, as well as sulfonic acid groups to catalyze its dehydration. The materials were characterized by elemental analysis, X-ray diffraction, N 2 adsorption/ desorption, and solid-state 13 C and 29 Si CP/MAS NMR spectroscopy. Functional groups incorporated into mesoporous silica by co-condensation are more robust under the reaction conditions (water at 180°C) than those grafted onto a non-porous silica. The bifunctional mesoporous catalyst achieved a selectivity for HMF of 74% at 66% fructose conversion.

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Section: Reactivity In Fructose Dehydrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bifunctional Solid Catalysts for the Selective Conversion of Fructose to 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural

et al. 2010

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“…For most of the catalysts, the predicted mole evolution fitted satisfactorily the experimental values, although a slight discrepancy is observed for C 16 compounds, what is attributed to the fact that they group a large number of species. As example, the results for CT252 are shown in Figure 11, similar to most of the experiments, except for A36 and A46.…”

Section: Selectivity [%] T [K]mentioning

confidence: 54%

“…Their physical properties are summarized in Table 1. The adsorption enthalpy of ammonia [16] is included as a relative measure of the acid strength of the ion exchange resins. Amberlyst 15 is conventional sulfonated with a high crosslinking degree.…”

Section: Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of the oligomerization of 1-octene catalyzed by macroreticular ion-exchange resins

Bringué

Cadenas

Fité

et al. 2012

Chemical Engineering Journal

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Oligomerization of 1-octene is a feasible alternative to improve the properties and the quality of fuels and lubricants oils. The performance of macroreticular ion-exchange resins as catalysts for such reaction has been evaluated. The experimental setup consisted of a batch stirred-tank reactor that operated at 353-393 K and 2 MPa. 1-octene conversion was practically complete and the selectivity to double-bond isomerization and dimers after 6 hours at 373 K was up to 95%, and 12%, respectively. The accessible acidity of the catalysts was the most important structural parameter for these reactions.Selectivity to dimers and branched isomers increased with increasing temperature.Cracking compounds were not detected at all. The theoretical equations derived from the proposed kinetic model fit well the experimental results.

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“…The nitrogen physisorption (in accordance to the B.E.T. method) confirmed a specific surface area in the range of 36 m 2 g -1 [14][15][16][17].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterogeneously catalyzed conversion of nordic pulp to levulinic and formic acids

Ahlkvist

Wärnå

Salmi

et al. 2016

Reac Kinet Mech Cat

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Herein, one-pot conversion of cellulose to platform chemicals, formic and levulinic acids was demonstrated. The catalyst selected was an affordable, acidic ion-exchange resin, Amberlyst 70, whereas the cellulose used was sulfite cellulose delivered by a Swedish pulp mill. Furthermore, in an attempt to better understand the complex hydrolysis network of the polysaccharide, kinetic experiments were carried out to pinpoint the optimal reaction conditions with an initial substrate concentration of 0.7-6.0 wt% and a temperature range of 180-200°C. Higher temperatures could not be used due to the limitations in the thermal stability of the catalyst. Overall, maximum theoretical yields of 59 and 68 mol% were obtained for formic and levulinic acid, respectively. The parameters allowing for the best performance were reaction temperature of 180°C and initial cellulose concentration of 0.7 wt%. After studying the behavior of the system, a simplified reaction network in line with a mechanistic approach was developed and found to follow first order reaction kinetics. A satisfactory fit of the model to the experimental data was achieved (97.8 % degree of explanation). The catalyst chosen exhibited good mechanical strength under the experimental conditions and thus, a route providing green platform chemicals from soft wood pulp from coniferous trees (mixture of Scots Pine and Norway Spruce) was demonstrated.

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New polystyrene sulfonic acid resin catalysts with enhanced acidic and catalytic properties

Cited by 150 publications

References 14 publications

Bifunctional Solid Catalysts for the Selective Conversion of Fructose to 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural

Bifunctional Solid Catalysts for the Selective Conversion of Fructose to 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural

Study of the oligomerization of 1-octene catalyzed by macroreticular ion-exchange resins

Heterogeneously catalyzed conversion of nordic pulp to levulinic and formic acids

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