New platelet aggregation inhibitors from Tan-Shen; Radix of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge.

Onitsuka, Mitsuko; Fujiu, Morio; Shinma, Nobuo; Maruyama, Hiromi

doi:10.1248/cpb.31.1670

Cited by 85 publications

(42 citation statements)

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“…Nonpolar extracts of the plant contain tanshinones, which inhibit platelet aggregation [Onitsuka et al, 1983] and protect the myocardium against ischemia-induced derangement [Yagi et al, 1989]. Salvia mitiorrhiza extract (SME), an aqueous ethanolic extract of Salvia miltiorrhiza, is rich in polyphenolic compounds that protect liver microsomes, hepatocytes, and erythrocytes against oxidative damage [Liu et al, 1992].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salvianolic acid B attenuates cyclooxygenase‐2 expression in vitro in LPS‐treated human aortic smooth muscle cells and in vivo in the apolipoprotein‐E‐deficient mouse aorta

Chen

Hu²,

Lin

et al. 2006

J of Cellular Biochemistry

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Inflammation plays an essential role in atherosclerosis and post-angioplasty restenosis and the synthesis and release of inflammatory cytokines from vascular smooth muscle cells is an important contributor to these pathologies. It is assumed that drugs that prevent the overproduction of inflammatory cytokines may inhibit cardiovascular disorders. In the present study, the effects of a water-soluble antioxidant, salvianolic acid B (Sal B), derived from a Chinese herb, on the expression of cyclooxygenase (COX) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMCs) and in the aortas of cholesterol-fed apoE deficient mice were investigated. In unstimulated HASMCs, COX-2 mRNA and protein were almost undetectable, but were strongly upregulated in response to LPS. In contrast, HASMCs with or without LPS treatment showed constitutive expression of COX-1 mRNA and protein. The activation of COX-2 protein synthesis in LPS-stimulated HASMCs was shown to involve the activation of the extracellular-signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), c-Jun NH(2)-terminal kinase (JNK), and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway. Incubation of HASMCs with Sal B before LPS stimulation resulted in pronounced downregulation of COX-2 expression. Sal B treatment suppressed ERK1/2 and JNK phosphorylation and attenuated the increase in prostaglandin E(2) production and NADPH oxidase activity in LPS-treated HASMCs. When apoE-deficient mice were fed a 0.15% cholesterol diet with or without supplementation with 0.3% Sal B for 12 weeks, the intima/media area ratio in the thoracic aortas was significantly reduced in the Sal B group (0.010 +/- 0.009%) compared to the apoE-deficient group (0.114 +/- 0.043%) and there was a significant reduction in COX-2 protein expression in the thickened intima. These results demonstrate that Sal B has anti-inflammatory properties and may explain its anti-atherosclerotic properties. This new mechanism of action of Sal B, in addition to its previously reported inhibition of LDL oxidation, may help explain its efficacy in the treatment of atherosclerosis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salvianolic acid B attenuates cyclooxygenase‐2 expression in vitro in LPS‐treated human aortic smooth muscle cells and in vivo in the apolipoprotein‐E‐deficient mouse aorta

Chen

Hu²,

Lin

et al. 2006

J of Cellular Biochemistry

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“…21 Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (Labiatae), an eminent herb in the treatment of cardiovascular disorder (called blood stasis in traditional Chinese medicine), is widely used in China, Japan, and Taiwan. Its nonpolar extracts contain tanshinones, which can inhibit platelet aggregation 22 and protect myocardium against ischemia-induced derangement. 23 The aqueous extract of S miltiorrhiza contains phenolic compounds that are effective in protecting liver microsomes, hepatocytes, and erythrocytes against oxidative damage.…”

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confidence: 99%

Increase of Vitamin E Content in LDL and Reduction of Atherosclerosis in Cholesterol-Fed Rabbits by a Water-Soluble Antioxidant-Rich Fraction ofSalvia miltiorrhiza

Wu¹,

Hong²,

Lin³

et al. 1998

ATVB

147

111

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Abstract-Antioxidants that prevent LDL from oxidation may reduce atherosclerosis. Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge is a Chinese herb widely used for the treatment of atherosclerosis-related disorders. Salvianolic acid B (Sal B), a water-soluble polyphenolic antioxidant isolated from the roots of this plant, was found to scavenge 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radicals and inhibit LDL oxidation more effectively than probucol. In order to evaluate the antiatherogenic potential, New Zealand White rabbits were fed for 12 weeks a normal diet, a high cholesterol diet, a high cholesterol diet containing 1% probucol, or a high cholesterol diet containing a 5% water-soluble extract of S miltiorrhiza (SM). Both SM and probucol feeding reduced plasma cholesterol. LDLs from the SM-treated group were more resistant to Cu 2ϩ -induced oxidation and contained more vitamin E (21.7Ϯ2.1 nmol/mol LDL cholesterol) than did LDLs from the high cholesterol diet group (9.6Ϯ1.8 nmol/mol LDL cholesterol) (PϽ.005). Endothelial damage, determined at week 6, was reduced by 53% in the SM group (PϽ.01). SM treatment reduced the atherosclerotic area in the abdominal aorta by 56% (PϽ.005) and cholesterol deposition in the thoracic aorta by 50% (PϽ.005). The severity of atherosclerosis in the SM group was significantly reduced after adjustment by using cholesterol exposure as an index of the cholesterol-lowering effect. This study concludes that the reduction of atherosclerosis by SM relies not only on its cholesterol-lowering effect but more heavily on its antioxidant potential to prevent endothelial damage and inhibit LDL oxidative modification in hypercholesterolemic animals. (Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 1998;18:481-486.)

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“…2) were identified as ferruginol (3), 19) 7-dehydroabietanone (4), 20) sugiol (5), 21) 6α-hydroxysugiol (6), 20) 6,12-dihydroxyabieta-5,8,11,13-tetraen-7-one (7), 20) 5,6-dehydrosugiol (8), 22) dihydrotanshinone I (9), 23) cryptotanshinone (10), 24) dihydroisotanshinone I (11), 5) 2-isopropyl-8-methylphenan-threne-3,4-dione (12), 25) dehydromiltirone (13), 26) cryptoacetalide (14), 27) epicryptoacetalide (15), 27) danshenspiroketallactone (16), 14) epi-danshenspiroketallactone (17), 14) 12-hydroxy-6,7-secoabieta-8,11,13-triene-6,7-dial (18), 28) tanshinketolactone (19), 29) dihydroneotanshinlactone (20), 30) danshenol A (21), 31) danshenol B (22), 31) and danshenol C (23). 32) Compounds 1−23 were evaluated for their cytotoxic activities against five human tumor cell lines (HCT-8, Bel-7402, BGC-823, A549 and A2780) with paclitaxel as a positive control.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two New Diterpenoids from Cell Cultures of <i>Salvia miltiorrhiza</i>

Zhang

Xiao

Xie

et al. 2013

CHEMICAL & PHARMACEUTICAL BULLETIN

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A new spiroketallactone, epi-danshenspiroketallactone A (1) and a new C18-norditerpenoid, normiltioane (2) along with 21 known compounds, were isolated from cell cultures of Salvia miltiorrhiza. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analyses. In the in vitro assays, the compounds 9−11, 21−23 exhibited the significant antitumor activity with the IC 50 ranges of 1.0-8.3 µm.

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New platelet aggregation inhibitors from Tan-Shen; Radix of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge.

Cited by 85 publications

References 0 publications

Salvianolic acid B attenuates cyclooxygenase‐2 expression in vitro in LPS‐treated human aortic smooth muscle cells and in vivo in the apolipoprotein‐E‐deficient mouse aorta

Salvianolic acid B attenuates cyclooxygenase‐2 expression in vitro in LPS‐treated human aortic smooth muscle cells and in vivo in the apolipoprotein‐E‐deficient mouse aorta

Increase of Vitamin E Content in LDL and Reduction of Atherosclerosis in Cholesterol-Fed Rabbits by a Water-Soluble Antioxidant-Rich Fraction ofSalvia miltiorrhiza

Two New Diterpenoids from Cell Cultures of <i>Salvia miltiorrhiza</i>

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