New Osseodensification Implant Site Preparation Method to Increase Bone Density in Low-Density Bone

Abstract

Purpose:The aim of this study was to evaluate a new surgical technique for implant site preparation that could allow to enhance bone density, ridge width, and implant secondary stability.Materials and Methods:The edges of the iliac crests of 2 sheep were exposed and ten 3.8 × 10-mm Dynamix implants (Cortex) were inserted in the left sides using the conventional drilling method (control group). Ten 5 × 10-mm Dynamix implants (Cortex) were inserted in the right sides (test group) using the osseodensification procedure (Versah). After 2 months of healing, the sheep were killed, and biomechanical and histological examinations were performed.Results:No implant failures were observed after 2 months of healing. A significant increase of ridge width and bone volume percentage (%BV) (approximately 30% higher) was detected in the test group. Significantly better removal torque values and micromotion under lateral forces (value of actual micromotion) were recorded for the test group in respect with the control group.Conclusion:Osseodensification technique used in the present in vivo study was demonstrated to be able to increase the %BV around dental implants inserted in low-density bone in respect to conventional implant drilling techniques, which may play a role in enhancing implant stability and reduce micromotion.

Atemporal osseointegration: Early biomechanical stability through osseodensification

“…Other examples include geometrical configuration, implant surface characteristics such as texture, composition, or degree of porosity . In addition to the aforementioned geometrical configurations, recent work has indicated that drilling protocols that differ from conventional subtractive drilling methods not only improve implant initial stability but also contributes to faster osseointegration …”

“…Conventional drilling protocols utilize a cutting (subtractive) technique in a clockwise direction with a positive rake angle resulting in the absence of bone residue in the osteotomy, while the non‐cutting (additive) drilling technique, osseodensification (OD), has been shown to compact osteotomy site walls by means of lateral displacement of bone, thus increasing primary stability . Furthermore, the compacting of residual bone remnants, which act as nucleating surfaces for osteoblasts around the implant, function as an autograft facilitating osseointegration …”

Effect of cavity preparation and bone mineral density on bone‐interface densification and bone‐implant contact during press‐fit implantation of hip stems

“…Contact area increased with bone densification for the blunt extraction broach only. The exact mechanism for this is not clear, but the small tooth height of the blunt extraction broaches may cause trabecular spaces to be filled up with the bone debris from broaching . This may result in enhanced long‐term stability of the prosthesis, since bone debris plays a supporting role in osseointegration …”

Osteoporotic sheep mandibular model for comparative alveolar bone healing research

“…Duncan [3] refers to noncritical size defects in the posterior mandible, and the use of the posterior mandible for implant placement following extraction of premolar teeth. The paper by Trisi et al [15] refers to implant placement in the sheep iliac crest.…”