New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Abstract

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and nLraniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x=9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.

Chromosome counts in Asian Artemisia L. (Asteraceae) species: from diploids to the first report of the highest polyploid in the genus

“…However, chromosome numbers up to 2 n = 171, 180, 198 have been described in the Asteraceae, in genera such as Leucanthemum L. and Senecio L. (Dowrick, 1952; Hedberg & Hedberg, 1977). Some Artemisia species have long polyploid series, such as, for instance, A. dracunculus L., with 2 n = 18, 36, 54, 72, 90 (Kawatani & Ohno, 1964; Rousi, 1969; Vallès et al ., 2001a). Polyploidy is a relevant evolutionary mechanism in plants (Bretagnolle et al ., 1998, and references cited therein) and is especially active in some Anthemideae groups (Solbrig, 1977; Vallès et al ., 2001a, b; and references cited therein).…”

“…To assess the existence of previously published chromosome counts in the studied species, we used the most common indexes of plant chromosome numbers (cited in Vallès, Torrell & Garcia‐Jacas, 2001a), previous publications (Vallès et al ., 2005; Garcia et al ., 2006; and references cited therein), and the chromosome number databases Index to Plant Chromosome Numbers (Missouri Botanical Garden, http://mobot.org/W3T/Search/ipcn.html) and Index to Chromosome Numbers in the Asteraceae (Watanabe, 2002; http://www-asteraceae.cla.kobe-u.ac.jp/index.html).…”

Molecular cytogenetic characterization of some representatives of the subgenera <i>Artemisia</i> and <i>Absinthium</i> (genus <i>Artemisia</i>, Asteraceae)

“…Two different basic chromosome numbers have been described for the genus: x = 9, which is detected in all the subgenera, and the less frequent x = 8, only reported in the subgenera Absinthium, Artemisia and Dracunculus (SOLBRIG, 1977;OLIVA & VALLÈS, 1994;MCARTHUR & SANDERSON, 1999). Both basic chromosome numbers show polyploid series with known levels up to hexadecaploid for x = 9-based species and hexaploid for x = 8 (EHRENDORFER, 1964;PERSSON, 1974;VALLÈS et al, 2001;GARCIA et al, 2006;PELLICER et al, 2007).…”

“…In previous works GARCIA et al, 2007) we have studied from molecular cytogenetic viewpoint some representatives of subgenera Seriphidium and Tridentatae (plus one annual member of the subgenus Artemisia, related to Seriphidium in the molecular phylogeny (TORRELL et al, 1999;VALLÈS et al, 2001). Now we are presenting the results of the first investigation of two more subgenera, Artemisia and Absinthium.…”

Chromosome Numbers in Three Asteraceae Tribes from Inner Mongolia (China), with Genome Size Data for Cardueae

“…1j) This is the first count for this species, reporting a tetraploid cytotype of 2n=36, and the second count for the genus Hippolytia. The previous report for the genus was given by Vallès et al (2001a), who found a diploid cytotype (2n=18) in a population of H. megacephala (Rupr.) Poljakov from Kazakhstan.…”