New Nucleophilic Mechanisms of Ros-Dependent Epigenetic Modifications: Comparison of Aging and Cancer

Afanas’ev, Igor B.

doi:10.14336/ad.2014.050052

Cited by 102 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…These vary with age, and it is commonly considered that DNA hypomethylation is a typical aspect of the aging process (Afanas'ev, 2014). ROS are active intermediates of DNA methylation, as well as of histone modification.…”

Section: Theories Of Aging and How They Shape The Definitions Of Smentioning

confidence: 99%

A synopsis on aging—Theories, mechanisms and future prospects

Costa

Vitorino

Silva³

et al. 2016

Ageing Research Reviews

320

170

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Answering the question as to why we age is tantamount to answering the question of what is life itself. There are countless theories as to why and how we age, but, until recently, the very definition of aging – senescence – was still uncertain. Here, we summarize the main views of the different models of senescence, with a special emphasis on the biochemical processes that accompany aging. Though inherently complex, aging is characterized by numerous changes that take place at different levels of the biological hierarchy. We therefore explore some of the most relevant changes that take place during aging and, finally, we overview the current status of emergent aging therapies and what the future holds for this field of research. From this multi-dimensional approach, it becomes clear that an integrative approach that couples aging research with systems biology, capable of providing novel insights into how and why we age, is necessary.

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Section: Theories Of Aging and How They Shape The Definitions Of Smentioning

confidence: 99%

A synopsis on aging—Theories, mechanisms and future prospects

Costa

Vitorino

Silva³

et al. 2016

Ageing Research Reviews

320

170

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The effects of NAC are detectable in BAT, where H 2 O 2 alone and Meth trigger mitochondrial polarization and activity. Mechanistically, ROS can signal the regulation of chromatin modification mechanisms 44,45 that could locally affect the transcription of relevant genes. Importantly, the major signaling pathway of ROS involves NFkB, 46 which is abolished in vivo by the dose of NAC used here.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reactive oxygen species scavenger N-acetyl cysteine reduces methamphetamine-induced hyperthermia without affecting motor activity in mice

et al. 2014

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Hyperthermia is a potentially lethal side effect of Methamphetamine (Meth) abuse, which involves the participation of peripheral thermogenic sites such as the Brown Adipose Tissue (BAT). In a previous study we found that the anti-oxidant N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) can prevent the high increase in temperature in a mouse model of Meth-hyperthermia. Here, we have further explored the ability of NAC to modulate Meth-induced hyperthermia in correlation with changes in BAT. We found that NAC treatment in controls causes hypothermia, and, when administered prior or upon the onset of Meth-induced hyperthermia, can ameliorate the temperature increase and preserve mitochondrial numbers and integrity, without affecting locomotor activity. This was different from Dantrolene, which decreased motor activity without affecting temperature. The effects of NAC were seen in spite of its inability to recover the decrease of mitochondrial superoxide induced in BAT by Meth. In addition, NAC did not prevent the Meth-induced decrease of BAT glutathione. Treatment with S-adenosyl-L-methionine, which improves glutathione activity, had an effect in ameliorating Meth-induced hyperthermia, but also modulated motor activity. This suggests a role for the remaining glutathione for controlling temperature. However, the mechanism by which NAC operates is independent of glutathione levels in BAT and specific to temperature. Our results show that, in spite of the absence of a clear mechanism of action, NAC is a pharmacological tool to examine the dissociation between Meth-induced hyperthermia and motor activity, and a drug of potential utility in treating the hyperthermia associated with Meth-abuse.

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“…(15). Em pacientes com câncer, o estresse oxidativo altera a expressão de genes que inibem a progressão do ciclo celular (chamados genes supressores tumorais), aumentando a proliferação das células cancerosas (16). Em diabéticos, a hiperglicemia por períodos prolongados pode promover um desbalanço metabólico, resultando em atividade mitocondrial irregular e produção excessiva de radicais livres, o que pode gerar as complicações inflamatórias ligadas à doença (17).…”

Section: Algumas Fontes De Espécies Reativas E Radicais Livresunclassified

Radicais livres: em busca do equilíbrio

Martelli¹,

Nunes²

2014

Cienc. Cult.

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& do portanto menos instáveis que os radicais livres, mas também podem reagir com moléculas na sua redondeza (1;2). AlgumAs fontes de espécies reAtivAs e rAdicAis livres Radicais livRes: em busca do equilíbRio Felipe Martelli Francis Morais Franco NunesRadicais livres! Estresse oxidativo! Esses temas são comumente abordados de forma pejorativa, associados ao envelhecimento e doenças. No entanto, os radicais livres e demais espécies reativas são fundamentais para a homeostase celular e o funcionamento adequado dos organismos vivos. Neste artigo, revisamos os malefícios e benefícios desses compostos. Quem são As espécies reAtivAs e os rAdicAis livres?As espé-cies reativas são átomos, moléculas, ou íons derivados do oxigênio, que em sua grande maioria possuem alta reatividade e constituem três classes de compostos: espécies reativas de oxigênio (EROs), espécies reativas de enxofre (EREs) e espécies reativas de nitrogênio (ERNs). As espécies reativas podem ainda ser didaticamente divididas em dois grupos: os radicais livres e os compostos não radicalares (1;2). Os radicais livres são átomos ou moléculas que possuem pelo menos um elétron desemparelhado em seus orbitais externos. Isso permite a transferência de elétrons com moléculas vizinhas. Alguns exemplos são: OH • (íon hidroxila), HOH • (íon peroxil), O 2 -• (ânion superóxido), NO (óxido ní-trico) e O 2 (oxigênio molecular). Os radicais livres podem agir como aceptores ou doadores de elétrons, criando alterações no ambiente molecular ao seu redor. Os compostos não radicalares, como H 2 O 2 (peróxido de hidrogênio) e HOCl (ácido hipocloroso), não possuem elétrons livres, sen-

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New Nucleophilic Mechanisms of Ros-Dependent Epigenetic Modifications: Comparison of Aging and Cancer

Cited by 102 publications

References 72 publications

A synopsis on aging—Theories, mechanisms and future prospects

A synopsis on aging—Theories, mechanisms and future prospects

Reactive oxygen species scavenger N-acetyl cysteine reduces methamphetamine-induced hyperthermia without affecting motor activity in mice

Radicais livres: em busca do equilíbrio

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