New material of the oldest known scalidophoran animal Eopriapulites sphinx

Shao, Tiequan; Liu, Yunhuan; Wang, Qi; Zhang, Hua-Qiao; Tang, Hanhua; Li, Yuan

doi:10.1016/j.palwor.2015.07.003

Cited by 33 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 42 publications

(65 reference statements)

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“…, ; Shao et al . , ; this study), based exclusively on microfossils of Orsten‐type preservation (Maas et al . ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Qinscolex spinosus and Shanscolex decorus have well‐developed trunk sclerites, which differentiate them from Eopriapulites sphinx , a species that lacks any sclerites (Shao et al . , ). In overall morphology, Q. spinosus and S. decorus are armoured with abundant sclerites, and share less in common with nematoids that lack any body armature.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…; Shao et al . , ), disassociated trunk parts of armoured scalidophorans (Zhang et al . ) and a plausible deuterostome (Han et al .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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New armoured scalidophorans (Ecdysozoa, Cycloneuralia) from the Cambrian Fortunian Zhangjiagou Lagerstätte, South China

Liu

Qin

Wang

et al. 2018

Papers in Palaeontology

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Although molecular studies estimated that cycloneuralians might have originated in the Ediacaran Period and diversified in the early Cambrian, it was not until 2014 that they were first reported from the Cambrian Fortunian Stage. To date only two species and five indeterminate forms have been described. Here, we report new three‐dimensionally phosphatized microfossils of cycloneuralians from the Fortunian Zhangjiagou Lagerstätte, South China. Two new genera and species, Qinscolex spinosus gen. et sp. nov. and Shanscolex decorus gen. et sp. nov., and Indeterminate Forms 1–7 are described and tentatively assigned to total‐group Scalidophora, greatly increasing the diversity of the Fortunian cycloneuralians. These Fortunian cycloneuralians have diverse cuticular spines, plates, and spinose sclerites of various sizes on the trunk, thus assignment of co‐occurring fragmented trunk parts or disassociated spines or sclerites to a specific species is currently impossible. Some of the Fortunian cycloneuralians might have reached a centimetre in length; they may have been temporary meiobenthos in their juvenile or younger adult stages, only joining the macrobenthos when they reached macroscopic dimensions. It is proposed that an introvert with hexaradially symmetric and internally hollow scalids might be the plesiomorphic state for cycloneuralians.

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“…, ; Shao et al . , ; this study), based exclusively on microfossils of Orsten‐type preservation (Maas et al . ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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New armoured scalidophorans (Ecdysozoa, Cycloneuralia) from the Cambrian Fortunian Zhangjiagou Lagerstätte, South China

Liu

Qin

Wang

et al. 2018

Papers in Palaeontology

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“…; Shao et al . ). Comparisons of the integumentary spines of these phosphatized juveniles with isolated SSFs (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Small carbonaceous fossils (SCFs) from the Terreneuvian (lower Cambrian) of Baltica

2018

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We describe a new assemblage of small carbonaceous fossils (SCFs) from diagenetically minimally altered clays and siltstones of Terreneuvian age from the Lontova and Voosi formations of Estonia, Lithuania and Russia. This is the first detailed account of an SCF assemblage from the Terreneuvian and includes a number of previously undocumented Cambrian organisms. Recognizably bilaterian-derived SCFs include abundant protoconodonts (total-group Chaetognatha), and distinctive cuticular spines of scalidophoran worms. Alongside these metazoan remains are a range of protistan-grade fossils, including Retiranus balticus gen. et sp. nov., a distinctive funnel-shaped or sheet-like problematicum characterized by terminal or marginal vesicles, and Lontohystrichosphaera grandis gen. et sp. nov., a large (100-550 lm) ornamented vesicular microfossil.Together these data offer a fundamentally enriched view of Terreneuvian life in the epicratonic seas of Baltica, from an episode where records of non-biomineralized life are currently sparse. Even so, the recovered assemblages contain a lower diversity of metazoans than SCF biotas from younger (Stage 4) Baltic successions that represent broadly equivalent environments, echoing the diversification signal recorded in the coeval shelly and trace-fossil records. Close comparison to the biostratigraphical signal from Fortunian small shelly fossils supports a late Fortunian age for most of the Lontova/Voosi succession, rather than a younger (wholly Stage 2) range.

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“…The annuli of Olivooides and Quadrapyrgites are strongly extended outwards to form ridges, whereas those of Qinscyphus are only slightly raised, superficially similar to the trunk annuli of the co‐occurring Eopriapulites sphinx Liu & Xiao in Liu et al ., (Shao et al . ). The triangular thickenings of Qinscyphus are identical to those of Olivooides multisulcatus (Fig.…”

Section: Systematic Palaeontologymentioning

confidence: 97%

A new scyphozoan from the Cambrian Fortunian Stage of South China

et al. 2017

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Animals with radial symmetry are abundant in the Cambrian Fortunian Stage of South China, but with relatively low diversity: representatives include Olivooides, Quadrapyrgites, carinachitiids, hexangulaconulariids and Pseudooides. Here, we report a new radial animal, Qinscyphus necopinus gen. et sp. nov., from the Fortunian small shelly fauna of southern Shaanxi Province, South China. Qinscyphus necopinus has a cup-shaped profile, with slightly raised annuli and five groups of triangular thickenings in pentaradial symmetry. This organism has a comparable morphology to, and thus a close affinity with, Olivooides and Quadrapyrgites, and is interpreted as a coronate scyphozoan. This discovery adds a new crown-group cnidarian to the Cambrian Explosion.

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New material of the oldest known scalidophoran animal Eopriapulites sphinx

Cited by 33 publications

References 42 publications

New armoured scalidophorans (Ecdysozoa, Cycloneuralia) from the Cambrian Fortunian Zhangjiagou Lagerstätte, South China

New armoured scalidophorans (Ecdysozoa, Cycloneuralia) from the Cambrian Fortunian Zhangjiagou Lagerstätte, South China

Small carbonaceous fossils (SCFs) from the Terreneuvian (lower Cambrian) of Baltica

A new scyphozoan from the Cambrian Fortunian Stage of South China

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