New Insights into the Shikimate and Aromatic Amino Acids Biosynthesis Pathways in Plants

Tzin, Vered; Galili, Gad

doi:10.1093/mp/ssq048

Cited by 539 publications

(384 citation statements)

References 224 publications

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“…However, it should be noted that SA and shikimic acid were dramatically lower in T. gamsii F18‐treated plants than in the control plants. The shikimic acid pathway provides important intermediates in terms of chorismic acid for the synthesis of aromatic acids (Tzin and Galili, 2010). The reduction of shikimic acid results in low levels of its derivatives.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trichoderma gamsii affected herbivore feeding behaviour on Arabidopsis thaliana by modifying the leaf metabolome and phytohormones

Zhou

Huang

Guo

et al. 2018

Microbial Biotechnology

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SummaryPlants can re‐programme their transcriptome, proteome and metabolome to deal with environmental and biotic stress. It has been shown that the rhizosphere microbiome has influence on the plant metabolome and on herbivore behaviour. In the present study, Trichoderma gamsii was isolated from Arabidopsis thaliana rhizosphere soil. The inoculation of roots of Arabidopsis thaliana with T. gamsii significantly inhibited the feeding behaviour of Trichoplusia ni and affected the metabolome as well as the content of phytohormones in Arabidopsis leaves. T. gamsii‐treated plant leaves had higher levels of amino acids and lower concentrations of sugars. In addition, T. gamsii‐treated plant leaves had more abscisic acid (ABA) and lower levels of salicylic acid (SA) and indole‐3‐acetic acid (IAA) in comparison with the untreated plants. Furthermore, the inoculation with T. gamsii on different signalling mutants showed that the induction of defences were SA‐dependent. These findings indicate that T. gamsii has potential as a new type of biocontrol agent to promote plant repellence to insect attacks.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trichoderma gamsii affected herbivore feeding behaviour on Arabidopsis thaliana by modifying the leaf metabolome and phytohormones

Zhou

Huang

Guo

et al. 2018

Microbial Biotechnology

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“…According to Tzin & Galili (2010), this herbicide blocks the production of aromatic amino acids which are essential for the synthesis of proteins and precursors of secondary metabolites, thus affecting plant growth.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tolerance of sugarcane cultivars to chemical eradication

Adriano

Azania²,

Pinto³

et al. 2013

Planta daninha

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Knowledge of the minimum rate of glyphosate required to eradicate sugarcane ratoons can reduce the amount of herbicide used. To confirm this hypothesis, this study aimed to investigate the tolerance of different sugarcane cultivars to chemical eradication, at different glyphosate rates. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design in a split-plot scheme, with four replications. The sugarcane cultivars (IACSP94-2094, IACSP94-2101, IACSP93-3046, IACSP94‑4004, IAC86-2480, and RB72454) were allocated in plots and the glyphosate rates (0, 1,440, 2,160, 2,880, 3,600, and 4,320 g ha-1), in the sub plots. The traits evaluated were signs of poisoning symptoms; total chlorophyll content, plant height, percentage of dead tillers, and dry weight of the plants. At 45 days after application (DAA), the glyphosate rate of 1,440 g a.e. ha-1 eradicated the cultivars IACSP94-2094 and IACSP94-2101, as well as RB72454 with application of 2,160 g a.e. ha‑1. Application of glyphosate 2,880 g a.e. ha-1 eradicated both IACSP93-3046 and IAC86-2480 and glyphosate 3,600 g a.e. ha-1 eradicated IACSP94-4004. The most tolerant cultivar was IACSP94‑4004, eradicated at the rate of 3,600 g. a.e. ha-1. This confirms the hypothesis that knowing the cultivar's tolerance leads, in practice, to a smaller amount of herbicide applied to the environment, which also reduces production costs.

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“…As precursor, it may lead to the aromatic amino acids synthesis, by setting free the amine group (NH 3 ) to form phenylalanine and tryptophan. Phenylalanine acts as an intermediate in the biosynthesis of phenolic compounds such as flavones, isoflavones and flavonoids (Pina and Errea, 2008;Tzin and Galili, 2010). In this paper, it is possible that part of the absorbed glutamine has been deviated for the secondary metabolites biosynthesis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proteic and phenolics compounds contents in Bacupari callus cultured with glutamine and nitrogen sources

et al. 2017

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In this study was evaluated the influence of glutamine supplementation on the endogenous content of amino acids, proteins, total phenolics, flavonoids and proanthocyanidins in Bacupari callus. The explants were inoculated in MS medium, MS with half concentration of the nitrogen salts (MS½) and nitrogen-free MS, supplemented with glutamine (5, 10, 30 and 60mM) named as Gln5, Gln10, Gln30 and Gln60. Amino acids and proteins were analyzed after 20, 80 and 140 days and the secondary metabolites on the 140 th day. There was no difference in the amino acids on the 20 th day. On the 80 th day the treatments MS and MS½ presented the lowest levels. On the 140 th day MS and MS½ presented the lowest amino acid concentration and Gln10 the highest. Concerning proteins, there was difference only on the 140 th day, being the highest concentrations observed in Gln5, and the lowest in MS½ treatment. Total phenolics content was higher in the treatment Gln60 and lowest in MS. Treatments Gln5, Gln10, Gln30 and MS½ were statistically equal. For flavonoids, the highest values occurred in the treatments Gln30, Gln60 and MS½ and the lowest in Gln5, Gln10 and MS. Similarly, for the proanthocyanidins the highest concentrations were observed in treatment Gln60 and the lowest in Gln5 and MS. In conclusion, the treatment with 60mM of glutamine favors the protein accumulation and production of secondary metabolites in Bacupari callus.Keywords: glutamine, phenols, flavonoids, proanthocyanidins, amino acids. Conteúdo de proteínas e compostos fenólicos em calos de Bacupari cultivados com glutamina e fontes de nitrogênio ResumoNesse estudo foi avaliado o efeito da suplementação com glutamina no conteúdo endógeno de aminoácidos, proteínas, fenólicos totais, flavonoides e proantocianidinas em calos de Bacupari. Os explantes foram inoculados em meio MS, meio MS com metade da concentração de dos sais de nitrogênio (MS½) e meio MS sem nitrogênio suplementado com glutamina (5, 10, 30 e 60mM) denominados como Gln5, Gln10, Gln30 e Gln60. Os aminoácidos e as proteínas foram analisados após 20, 80 e 140 dias e os metabólitos secundários no 140° dia. Não houve diferença nos aminoácidos no 20° dia. No 80° dia os tratamentos MS e MS½ apresentaram os menores níveis. No 140° dia, MS e MS½ apresentaram as menores concentrações de aminoácidos e o Gln10 as maiores. A respeito das proteínas, houve diferença apenas no 140° dia, sendo as maiores concentrações observadas nos tratamentos Gln, e as menores no MS½. O conteúdo de fenólicos totais foi maior no tratamento Gln60 e menor no MS. Os tratamentos Gln5, Gln10, Gln30 e MS½ foram estatisticamente iguais. Para os flavonóides, os maiores valores ocorreram nos tratamentos Gln30, Gln60 e MS½ e os menores no Gln5, Gln10 e MS. Da mesma forma, para as proantocianidinas, as maiores concentrações foram observadas no tratamento Gln60 os menores no Gln5 e MS. Em conclusão, o tratamento com 60 mM de glutamina favorece o acúmulo de proteínas e a produção de metabólitos secundários em calos de Bacupari.

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New Insights into the Shikimate and Aromatic Amino Acids Biosynthesis Pathways in Plants

Cited by 539 publications

References 224 publications

Trichoderma gamsii affected herbivore feeding behaviour on Arabidopsis thaliana by modifying the leaf metabolome and phytohormones

Trichoderma gamsii affected herbivore feeding behaviour on Arabidopsis thaliana by modifying the leaf metabolome and phytohormones

Tolerance of sugarcane cultivars to chemical eradication

Proteic and phenolics compounds contents in Bacupari callus cultured with glutamine and nitrogen sources

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