New insights into the chemical and isotopic composition of human-body biominerals. I: Cholesterol gallstones from England and Greece

Athanasiadou, Dimitra; Γοδελίτσας, Α.; Sokaras, Dimosthenis; Karydas, A. G.; Ḏotsika, Elissavet; Potamitis, Constantinos; Zervou, Maria; Xanthos, S.; Chatzitheodoridis, Elias; Gooi, H. C.; Becker, Udo

doi:10.1016/j.jtemb.2012.08.004

Cited by 22 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…So, we can assume that calcium bilirubinate complex is the major constitute of brown pigment gallstones while copper bilirubinate complex is critical in the black color appearance of black pigment gallstone. The results are in agreement with the quantitative analysis of metabolites, cations, and anions in different types of gallstones; the mineral analysis provides complementary insights into the mechanism of biomineralization [33,[39][40][41]. In the same time, our results are similar with previously reported ones from different geographical areas in Europe and Asia [3,7,10] revealing that calcium is the dominant non-organic metal in all gallstones together with magnesium, iron, and copper.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…These provide important objective proof for their mechanism of formation. Since the pathogenesis of gallstones is not clearly understood, its analysis using chemical and spectroscopic techniques have provided some clues, as previously reported in literature [3,[10][11][12]33]. The FTIR spectra of the cholesterol-predominant stones showed the presence of high cholesterol content which is evident by the higher absorbance in the region between 2800 and 3000 cm −1 due to C-H stretching vibrations of CH 2 and CH 3 groups and lower absorbance in the regions 1500-1700 cm −1 for bilirubin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Much higher concentrations of copper were found in cholesterol gallstones from Iran while higher concentrations of Fe were found in gallstones from India and Nigeria [3,6,10,24,42,43]. The presence of Mn 2+ was proved only for the case of gallstones from England; manganese forms a salt with bile acid which gets accumulated during cholelithiasis [33].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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New Evidences of Key Factors Involved in “Silent Stones” Etiopathogenesis and Trace Elements: Microscopic, Spectroscopic, and Biochemical Approach

Cavalu

Popa

Bratu

et al. 2015

Biol Trace Elem Res

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The knowledge of the key factors involved in etiopathogenesis of the gallstone disease requires chemical, structural, and elemental composition analysis. The application of different complementary analytical techniques, both microscopic and spectroscopic, are aimed to provide a more comprehensive determination of the gallbladder calculi ultrastructure and trace element identification. High sensitivity techniques such as electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) along with biochemical analysis are used in a new attempt to investigate various factors which play a regulatory role in the pathogenesis of gallstones. The microstructure of different types of gallbladder stones has specific characteristics which are related to the elemental composition. The binding of metal ions with bile salts and bilirubin plays important roles in gallstone formation as revealed by FTIR spectrum of calcium bilirubinate complex in pigment gallstones. The EPR results demonstrated the generation of bilirubin free radicals and variation of its electronic structure and conjugation system in the skeleton of bilirubin molecule during complex formation. EPR spectra of pigment gallstones demonstrate the coexistence of four paramagnetic centers including stable bilirubin free radical, Mn2+, Cu2+, and Fe3+ with distinct magnetic parameters and well-resolved hyperfine structure in the case of Mn2+ ions. The result confirms a macromolecular network structure with proteins and the formation of bilirubin-coordinated polymer. Bilirubin and bilirubinate free radical complexes may play an important role in pigment gallstone formation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

New Evidences of Key Factors Involved in “Silent Stones” Etiopathogenesis and Trace Elements: Microscopic, Spectroscopic, and Biochemical Approach

Cavalu

Popa

Bratu

et al. 2015

Biol Trace Elem Res

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“…The study showed that all GS comprises cholesterol monohydrate and calcium along with Fe, Ni, Pb, and Cu elements. In the same study concentration of Zn and Mn were found to be higher in GS from England [9]. Bile salts bind with metals which plays an important role in GS formation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…They have also found bilirubin as one of the important constituents of black stones. Study on GS by ICP-MS, showed the role of metals Fe, Pb, Cd, Ni in GS formation [9]. Another study on GS from South western Finland showed the presence of anhydrous form of cholesterol as main constituents in combination with calcium carbonate.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gallstones: A Worldwide Multifaceted Disease and Its Correlations with Gallbladder Carcinoma

et al. 2016

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BackgroundGallstones (GS) associated diseases are among the most recurrent and frequent diseases delineated in India and United Arab Emirates. Several reports suggest that the association of GS with gallbladder cancer (GBC) is very high in Northern part of India; however, its occurrence in UAE and Southern part of India is notably low. Therefore, in the present study, we aimed to perform compositional analysis of GS in three different geographical areas by Solid State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and Fourier Transformed Infrared spectroscopy.MethodsNatural abundance 13C cross polarization magic angle spinning Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy is employed for the analysis of human gallstone.ResultsCholesterol, bilirubin and calcium carbonate were present in variant concentrations in GS obtained from three different geographical regions. Cholesterol was present predominantly in gallstones from North India. Bilirubin was found to be a main constituent in gallstones pertaining to South India. Whereas GS from UAE showed both cholesterol and bilirubin as their major constituents. Calcium carbonate was found in varying concentrations in gallstones acquired from different regions.ConclusionVariation in environmental condition and dietary habits may contribute and affect the GS formation. Alterations in bile composition influence the GB and augment the crystallization of cholesterol. Analysis of different geographical regions GS could be an important stride to understand the etiology of GS diseases.

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X‐Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry to Study Gallstones, Kidney Stones, Hair, Nails, Bones, Teeth and Cancerous Tissues

Singh

Sudarshan

Sharma

et al. 2022

X‐Ray Fluorescence in Biological Sciences

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New insights into the chemical and isotopic composition of human-body biominerals. I: Cholesterol gallstones from England and Greece

Cited by 22 publications

References 31 publications

New Evidences of Key Factors Involved in “Silent Stones” Etiopathogenesis and Trace Elements: Microscopic, Spectroscopic, and Biochemical Approach

New Evidences of Key Factors Involved in “Silent Stones” Etiopathogenesis and Trace Elements: Microscopic, Spectroscopic, and Biochemical Approach

Gallstones: A Worldwide Multifaceted Disease and Its Correlations with Gallbladder Carcinoma

X‐Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry to Study Gallstones, Kidney Stones, Hair, Nails, Bones, Teeth and Cancerous Tissues

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