New hybrid materials based on poly(ethyleneoxide)-grafted polysilazane by hydrosilylation and their anti-fouling activities

Abstract

SummaryThe objective of this work was to develop new coating materials based on poly(ethyleneoxide) (PEO), which was grafted onto polysilazane (PSZ) by hydrosilylation. Three types of PEO with different molecular weights (350, 750, 2000 g/mol) were studied. The kinetics and yields of this reaction have been surveyed by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. The PEO grafting-density onto PSZ by hydrosilylation increases with a reduction of the S–H/allyl ratio and a decrease of the PEO chain-length. The PEO-graft-PSZ (PSZ-PEO) hybrid coatings, which can be used to prevent the adhesion of marine bacteria on surfaces, were applied by moisture curing at room temperature. The anti-adhesion performance, and thus the anti-fouling activity, of the coatings against three marine bacteria species, Clostridium sp. SR1, Neisseria sp. LC1 and Neisseria sp. SC1, was examined. The anti-fouling activity of the coatings depends on the grafting density and the chain length of PEO. The shortest PEO(350 g/mol)-graft-PSZ with the highest graft density was found to have the best anti-fouling activity. As the density of grafted PEO(750 g/mol) and PEO(2000 g/mol) chains onto the PSZ surface is approximately equal, the relative effectiveness of these two types of PEO is controlled by the length of the PEO chain. The PEO(2000 g/mol)-graft-PSZ coatings are more efficient than the PEO(750 g/mol)-graft-PSZ coatings for the bacterial anti-adhesion.

Antibacterial and antifouling properties of a polyurethane surface modified with perfluoroalkyl and silver nanoparticles

“…LIVE/DEAD bacterial cell staining assay ascribed the decrease of living bacteria adhesion to the biocidal effects of silver nanoparticles rather than antifouling effects. Silver nanoparticles have been found to be more potent to kill Gram‐negative bacteria than Gram‐positive ones . Therefore, the antibacterial improvement by biocidal silver nanoparticles to PU‐DA‐F is more significant for Gram‐negative bacteria ( E. coli ) than that for Gram‐positive bacteria ( S. aureus ).…”

“…Silver nanoparticles have been found to be more potent to kill Gram-negative bacteria than Gram-positive ones. 33 Therefore, the antibacterial improvement by biocidal silver nanoparticles to PU-DA-F is more significant for Gram-negative bacteria (E. coli) than that for Gram-positive bacteria (S. aureus). The fluoroalkyl-coated surfaces show excellent antifouling activity due to extremely low surface energy of the 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluorodecanethiol which result the easy release of the adhered microbes during washing process.…”

“…[25][26][27][28] Additionally, similar to natural adhesive proteins, PDA shows good biocompatibility and low toxicity for the environment. [29][30][31][32] In most cases, surface modification is used to generate highly hydrophilic 9,33 or hydrophobic surfaces, 34,35 and both of which have proven to have antifouling properties. The hydrophobic fluoropolymers with low surface energy can reduce adhesion of fouling organisms, but the comprehensive fouling mechanism make it difficult to design an effective antifouling surface.…”

Fifty Years of Hydrosilylation in Polymer Science: A Review of Current Trends of Low-Cost Transition-Metal and Metal-Free Catalysts, Non-Thermally Triggered Hydrosilylation Reactions, and Industrial Applications

“…Therefore, for bioapplications, it is necessary to apply coatings to the polysiloxanes' surfaces by chemical modification of grafting. [135][136][137][138] Nguyen and coworkers proposed the grafting of polysilazane PSZ with poly(ethylene oxide) PEO by hydrosilylation using Karstedt's catalysts [139]. They investigated marine bacteria and found that the grafting density of PEO onto PSZ strongly influenced the bacterial adhesion.…”

Synthesis and antifouling activities of fluorinated polyurethanes

“…Such biofilm is formed by the adhesion and growth of bacteria and other biomacromolecules on an implant surface . Therefore, it is necessary to develop antifouling polymer surfaces with optimum surface structures for the purpose of preventing unwanted bioadhesion at surfaces …”