New Horizons: Scalar and Vector Ultralight Dark Matter

Antypas, D.; Banerjee, A.; Bartram, C.; Baryakhtar, M.; Betz, J.; Bollinger, John J.; Boutan, C.; Bowring, D.; Budker, D.; Carney, D.; Carosi, G.; Chaudhuri, S.; Cheong, S.; Chou, A.; Co, R. T.; López‐Urrutia, J. R. Crespo; Demarteau, M.; DePorzio, N.; Derbin, A. V.; Deshpande, T.; Chowdhury, Mahima; Luzio, L. Di; Diaz-Morcillo, A.; Doyle, J. M.; A., Drlica-Wagner,; Droster, A.; Du, N.; Döbrich, B.; Eby, J.; Essig, R.; S., Farren, G.; Figueroa, N. L.; Fry, J. T.; Gardner, S.; Geraci, A. A.; Ghalsasi, A.; Ghosh, Sumita; Giannotti, M.; Gimeno, B.; Griffin, S. M.; Grin, D.; Grote, H.; Gundlach, J. H.; Guzzetti, M.; Hanneke, D.; Harnik, R.; Henning, R.; Irsic, V.; Jackson, H.; Kimball, Derek F. Jackson; Jaeckel, J.; Kagan, M.; Kedar, D.; Khatiwada, R.; Knirck, S.; Kolkowitz, S.; Kovachy, T.; Kuenstner, Stephen E.; Lasner, Z.; Leder, A. F.; Lehnert, R.; Leibrandt, David R.; Lentz, E.; Lewis, S. M.; Liu, Z.; Manley, J.; Maruyama, R. H.; Millar, A. J.; Muratova, V. N.; Musoke, N.; Nagaitsev, S.; Noroozian, O.; O’Hare, Ciaran A. J.; Ouellet, J. L.; Pappas, K. M. W.; Peik, E.; Perez, G.; Phipps, A.; Rapidis, N. M.; Robinson, J. M.; Robles, V. H.; Rogers, K. K.; Rudolph, J.; Rybka, G.; Safdari, M.; Safronova, M. S.; Salemi, C. P.; O., Schmidt, P.; Schumm, T.; Schwartzman, A.; Shu, J.; Simanovskaia, M.; Singh, J.; Singh, S.; Smith, M. S.; Snow, W. M.; Stadnik, Y. V.; Sun, C.; Sushkov, A. O.; Tait, T. M. P.; Takhistov, V.; Tanner, D. B.; Temples, D. J.; Thirolf, P. G.; Thomas, J. H.; Tobar, M. E.; Tretiak, O.; Tsai, Y. -D.; Tyson, J. A.; Vandegar, M.; Vermeulen, S. M.; Visinelli, L.; Vitagliano, E.; Wang, Z.; J., Wilson, D.; Winslow, L.; Withington, S.; Wooten, M.; Yang, J.; Ye, J.; Young, B. A.; Yu, F.; Zaheer, M. H.; Zelevinsky, T.; Zhao, Y.; Zhou, K.

doi:10.48550/arxiv.2203.14915

Cited by 29 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 611 publications

(1,063 reference statements)

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“…Introduction.-The lack of direct evidence for Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMP) has driven people to explore different dark matter candidates, among which light massive spin-1 (Proca) fields, the so-called "dark photons" or vector dark matter, have been drawing more attention in recent years [1][2][3]. In general Proca fields could have a variety of non-gravitational interactions and thus very rich dynamics.…”

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confidence: 99%

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A singularity problem for interacting massive vectors

Mou¹,

Zhang²

2022

Preprint

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Interacting massive spin-1 fields have been widely used in cosmology and particle physics. We obtain a new condition on the validity of the classical limit of these theories related to the non-trivial constraints that exist for vector field components. A violation of this consistency condition causes a singularity in the time derivative of the auxiliary component and could impact, for example, the field's cosmic history and superradiance around black holes. Such a condition is expected to exist generically in many other non-trivially constrained systems.

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confidence: 99%

“…The case of attractive selfinteractions is similar, and thus only shown in the appendix A, where numerical details are also provided. 3 We are only interested in the case where A 0,crit is real. The value of the discriminant ∆ in terms of A0 and A for repulsive (λ > 0, left) and attractive (λ < 0, right) self-interactions.…”

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confidence: 99%

A singularity problem for interacting massive vectors

Mou¹,

Zhang²

2022

Preprint

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“…This is nearly two orders of magnitude better than the best clock-comparison stability achieved with an ion clock [6,39] and one order of magnitude better than the best stability comparison of independent lattice clocks [40]. At this level, it is possible to perform frequency measurements with a total uncertainty of 10 −19 in under three hours, measure the time-dependent gravitational effects of solid-Earth tides with high signal-to-noise ratio [41], and search for ultralight bosonic dark matter (DM) candidates over a broad range of particle masses [42].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hypothesized ultralight bosonic DM candidates would behave as a highly-coherent classical field that oscillates at the Compton frequency corresponding to the DM particle mass f φ = m φ c 2 /h, where m φ is the mass, c is the speed of light, and h is Planck's constant. This field is predicted to couple to atomic transition frequencies and would be detectable by measuring the ratio of two atomic transition frequencies or the difference between an atomic transition frequency and a Fabry-Perot resonator that have different sensitivities to the DM coupling [42]. Many ion clocks can be sensitive to a broad range of DM particle masses due to their high stability at short measurement durations discussed above.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many ion clocks can be sensitive to a broad range of DM particle masses due to their high stability at short measurement durations discussed above. Although in standard clock operation the upper limit to the measurement bandwidth and thus DM particle mass is given by the reciprocal of the probe duration, dynamical decoupling can be used to extend sensitivity up to much higher frequencies [42]. High stability of Sn 2+ clock makes it also competitive with lattice clocks for proposed space tests of general relativity [55].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prospects of a thousand-ion Sn$^{2+}$ Coulomb-crystal clock with sub-$10^{-19}$ inaccuracy

Leibrandt¹,

Porsev²,

Cheung³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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We propose a many-ion optical atomic clock based on three-dimensional Coulomb crystals of order one thousand Sn 2+ ions confined in a linear RF Paul trap. Sn 2+ has a unique combination of features that is not available in previously considered ions: a 1 S0 ↔ 3 P0 clock transition between two states with zero electronic and nuclear angular momentum (I = J = F = 0) making it immune to nonscalar perturbations, a negative differential polarizability making it possible to operate the trap in a manner such that the two dominant shifts for three-dimensional ion crystals cancel each other, and a laser-accessible transition suitable for direct laser cooling and state readout. We present analytical calculations of the differential polarizability and other relevant atomic properties, as well as numerical calculations of the motion of ions in large Coulomb crystals, to estimate the achievable accuracy and precision of Sn 2+ Coulomb-crystal clocks.

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Detection of early-universe gravitational-wave signatures and fundamental physics

et al. 2022

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Detection of a gravitational-wave signal of non-astrophysical origin would be a landmark discovery, potentially providing a significant clue to some of our most basic, big-picture scientific questions about the Universe. In this white paper, we survey the leading early-Universe mechanisms that may produce a detectable signal—including inflation, phase transitions, topological defects, as well as primordial black holes—and highlight the connections to fundamental physics. We review the complementarity with collider searches for new physics, and multimessenger probes of the large-scale structure of the Universe.

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New Horizons: Scalar and Vector Ultralight Dark Matter

Cited by 29 publications

References 611 publications

A singularity problem for interacting massive vectors

A singularity problem for interacting massive vectors

Prospects of a thousand-ion Sn$^{2+}$ Coulomb-crystal clock with sub-$10^{-19}$ inaccuracy

Detection of early-universe gravitational-wave signatures and fundamental physics

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