Prospects of a thousand-ion Sn$^{2+}$ Coulomb-crystal clock with sub-$10^{-19}$ inaccuracy

Leibrandt, David R.; Porsev, S. G.; Cheung, Christina; Safronova, M. S.

doi:10.48550/arxiv.2205.15484

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…The experiment allows us to characterize the VUV source for laser spectroscopy and demonstrates that the source can be used for the excitation of the isomer in 229 Th. We note that there is also considerable interest in laser excitation of trapped ions of other elements in this wavelength range, for example for proposed optical clocks with Pb 2+ [8] and Sn 2+ [9] or for laser cooling of Al + [10]. Similar techniques like the ones demonstrated here may be employed in those cases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Vacuum-ultraviolet laser source for spectroscopy of trapped thorium ions

Thielking,

Zhang,

Tiedau

et al. 2023

New J. Phys.

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A tunable vacuum-ultraviolet (VUV) laser source based on four-wave frequency mixing in xenon is presented. Using seed radiation from two continuous-wave lasers, the system allows for precise control of the VUV frequency and is developed for the resonant laser excitation of the Th-229 nucleus to its low-energy isomeric state. The system is prepared to operate in a wide scanning range from 148\,nm to 155\,nm. The source produces pulses of 6-10\,ns duration with up to 40\,$\mu$J energy and is coupled via a vacuum beamline to a linear radiofrequency ion trap. In a first implementation of VUV laser spectroscopy of trapped Th$^+$ ions we excite three previously unknown resonance lines near 149 nm wavelength to electronic levels that are close to the Th-229 isomer energy. The resonances are detected and analyzed via fluorescence of the excited Th$^+$ ions. An analysis of the lineshape is used to estimate the linewidth of the VUV radiation to be in the range of $\leq$6\,GHz, dominated by phase noise that is enhanced in harmonic generation and in the four-wave mixing process. The prospects for the use of the system in nuclear laser spectroscopy of Th-229 are discussed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Vacuum-ultraviolet laser source for spectroscopy of trapped thorium ions

Thielking,

Zhang,

Tiedau

et al. 2023

New J. Phys.

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“…As the ratio between the anharmonic and harmonic terms typically increases when the ion-electrode distance is reduced, it is demonstrated that anharmonic effects become more critical by lessening the ion trap scale. This requires special care, particularly in the case of single-ion [90,105,106] and multi-ion optical clocks [74,91,107,108] or in quantum sensing [109] and quantum computing experiments with trapped ions [65,110]. On the other hand, it is demonstrated that an increased dodecapole potential generated in an asymmetric LIT [99] opens new pathways for exciting applications in mass spectrometry or Coulomb crystals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mathieu–Hill Equation Stability Analysis for Trapped Ions: Anharmonic Corrections for Nonlinear Electrodynamic Traps

Mihalcea

2024

Photonics

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The stability properties of the Hill equation are discussed, especially those of the Mathieu equation that characterize ion motion in electrodynamic traps. The solutions of the Mathieu-Hill equation for a trapped ion are characterized by employing the Floquet theory and Hill’s method solution, which yields an infinite system of linear and homogeneous equations whose coefficients are recursively determined. Stability is discussed for parameters a and q that are real. Characteristic curves are introduced naturally by the Sturm–Liouville problem for the well-known even and odd Mathieu equations cem(z,q) and sem(z,q). In the case of a Paul trap, the stable solution corresponds to a superposition of harmonic motions. The maximum amplitude of stable oscillations for ideal conditions (taken into consideration) is derived. We illustrate the stability diagram for a combined (Paul and Penning) trap and represent the frontiers of the stability domains for both axial and radial motion, where the former is described by the canonical Mathieu equation. Anharmonic corrections for nonlinear Paul traps are discussed within the frame of perturbation theory, while the frontiers of the modified stability domains are determined as a function of the chosen perturbation parameter and we demonstrate they are shifted towards negative values of the a parameter. The applications of the results include but are not restricted to 2D and 3D ion traps used for different applications such as mass spectrometry (including nanoparticles), high resolution atomic spectroscopy and quantum engineering applications, among which we mention optical atomic clocks and quantum frequency metrology.

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“…Continued efforts on these clocks will presumably be rewarded with even lower systematic uncertainties. Alternatively, other atomic systems could offer unprecedented levels of clock accuracy [7][8][9][10]. One intriguing candidate is 229 Th 3+ .…”

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confidence: 99%

Trap-induced ac Zeeman shift of the thorium-229 nuclear clock frequency

Beloy

2023

Preprint

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We examine the effect of a parasitic rf magnetic field, attributed to ion trapping, on the highly anticipated nuclear clock based on 229 Th 3+ [C. J. Campbell et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 108, 120802 (2012)]. The rf magnetic field induces an ac Zeeman shift to the clock frequency. As we demonstrate, this shift threatens to be the dominant systematic frequency shift for the clock, exceeding other systematic frequency shifts and the projected systematic uncertainty of the clock by orders of magnitude. We propose practical means to suppress or eliminate this shift.

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Prospects of a thousand-ion Sn$^{2+}$ Coulomb-crystal clock with sub-$10^{-19}$ inaccuracy

Cited by 3 publications

References 53 publications

Vacuum-ultraviolet laser source for spectroscopy of trapped thorium ions

Vacuum-ultraviolet laser source for spectroscopy of trapped thorium ions

Mathieu–Hill Equation Stability Analysis for Trapped Ions: Anharmonic Corrections for Nonlinear Electrodynamic Traps

Trap-induced ac Zeeman shift of the thorium-229 nuclear clock frequency

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