New Horizons in Measurement: a Review of Novel and Innovative Approaches to Eating-Disorder Assessment

Forbush, Kelsie T.; Gould, Sara R.; Chapa, Danielle A. N.; Bohrer, Brittany K.; Hagan, Kelsey E.; Clark, Kelsey E.; Sorokina, Daria A.; Perko, Victoria L.

doi:10.1007/s11920-017-0826-2

Cited by 5 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Evidence for the psychometric properties of ED measures is particularly limited among racially/ethnically diverse individuals, men, and older adults (Forbush et al, 2017). It has long been assumed that the majority of ED cases occur only in White women, in part due to the theory that White beauty standards prioritize thinness, while other cultural beauty standards seem more accepting of larger bodies (Shaw et al, 2004).…”

Section: Ede-qmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Approximately one-fourth to one-third of ED cases are male (Hudson et al, 2007). Yet, most ED measures have been developed using female samples (Forbush et al, 2017). Although some of these ED measures have been validated subsequently among men (Forbush et al, 2017; Lavender et al, 2010), most use language to describe and assess EDs that may be more appropriate for women.…”

Section: Ede-qmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Yet, most ED measures have been developed using female samples (Forbush et al, 2017). Although some of these ED measures have been validated subsequently among men (Forbush et al, 2017; Lavender et al, 2010), most use language to describe and assess EDs that may be more appropriate for women. For example, many measures use language that focuses on the pursuit of thinness and desiring one’s stomach or thighs to be smaller rather the desire to be larger or more muscular, which may be more common for men (Darcy, 2011; Hildebrandt & Craigen, 2016; Jones & Morgan, 2010).…”

Section: Ede-qmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Eating disorder measures in a sample of military veterans: A focus on gender, age, and race/ethnicity.

Mitchell¹,

Masheb²,

Smith³

et al. 2021

Psychological Assessment

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Early detection of eating disorders (EDs) is crucial for both prevention and treatment; however, few ED measures have been validated among older adults, men, and racially/ethnically diverse individuals, who may have varying symptom presentations. We examined the psychometric quality of three self-report ED measures within a diverse sample of U.S. military veterans, a population that may have elevated rates of EDs. Participants (N = 1,187) completed the Eating Disorder Diagnostic Scale-5 (EDDS-5), the Eating Disorder Examination-Questionnaire (EDE-Q), the SCOFF (Sick, Control, One, Fat, and Food) questionnaire, and measures of associated mental health symptoms. We examined proportions of probable EDs and reliability estimates, associations among ED measures, and their relationship with mental health measures for the sample as a whole and based on age, gender, and race/ethnicity. Proportions of probable EDs ranged from 9.9% to 27.7% and were comparable for White, Black, and Latinx participants. Participants aged 40–49 had significantly higher proportions of EDs compared to other age groups, whereas participants aged ≥60 had significantly lower proportions of EDs. Participants with obesity had significantly higher proportions of probable EDs compared to participants with healthy weight or overweight. There was fair to moderate agreement between the ED measures, with varying evidence for psychometric quality across demographic subsamples. Overall, the EDDS-5 performed best in this sample and yielded estimates of probable EDs consistent with expectations. These data add to the growing body of literature on the assessment of EDs and provide insight into measures that may be most useful in research and intervention efforts.

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Section: Ede-qmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ede-qmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ede-qmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Eating disorder measures in a sample of military veterans: A focus on gender, age, and race/ethnicity.

Mitchell¹,

Masheb²,

Smith³

et al. 2021

Psychological Assessment

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Although many ED measures are available, nearly all of them were developed among primarily White, female adolescent, and young adult samples, and few have been validated among diverse samples, including men, sexual and gender minorities, or racially and ethnically diverse individuals (Forbush et al, 2017). Thus, the extent to which these measures are equally applicable for diverse populations is unclear (Forbush et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychometric properties of the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire among Brazilian cisgender gay and bisexual adult men

Júnior

Almeida

Santos

et al. 2022

Intl J Eating Disorders

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Objective One of the most widely used assessment tools for disordered eating attitudes and behaviors, the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE‐Q), has not yet been evaluated in Brazilian cisgender gay and bisexual men—an at‐risk population given the extent of minority stressors in Brazilian culture. The present study aimed to assess the psychometric properties of the EDE‐Q among Brazilian cisgender gay and bisexual adult men. Method The Brazilian EDE‐Q was administered to a sample of 1409 gay and bisexual adult men, along with measures of self‐objectification, body‐ideal internalization, drive for muscularity, muscle dysmorphia symptoms, and body appreciation. The factor structure of the Brazilian EDE‐Q was assessed using a two‐step, split‐sample exploratory (EFA; n = 704) and confirmatory factor analytic approach (CFA; n = 705). Additionally, convergent validity, internal consistency, and 2‐week test–retest reliability were assessed. Results Findings from an EFA and CFA revealed a one‐factor structure with 22 items and adequate internal consistency (ω = .92, 95% CI = [.91, .93]). Moreover, the scale demonstrated good 2‐week test–retest reliability (ICC = .86, 95% CI = [.82, .88], p < .001). The EDE‐Q scores showed positive associations with self‐objectification, body‐ideal internalization, muscle dysmorphia symptoms, and drive for muscularity, as well as a negative association with body appreciation. Discussion Results provide support for the use of the EDE‐Q using a one‐factor structure in Brazilian cisgender gay and bisexual adult men and give insights for future studies on eating disorders in sexual minorities in Latin America. Public Significance The Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE‐Q) is one of the most widely used self‐report measures of eating disorder symptoms. However, there is a lack of research on the validity and reliability of the EDE‐Q in Latin American countries. This study evaluated the validity and reliability of the EDE‐Q in Brazilian cisgender gay and bisexual adult men. Our findings give insights for future studies on eating disorders in sexual minorities in Latin America.

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“…The on-going COVID-19 pandemic for example has highlighted the practical value of using online tools. For the assessment of eating disorders (EDs), since 2013, five new tools have been developed and validated exclusively for online self-report administration or for both online and pencil-and-paper administration [ 3 ]. EDs are mental disorders described in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of the American Psychiatric Association (DSM-5).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of online and paper-and-pencil questionnaires to assess the distribution of orthorexia nervosa, muscle dysmorphia and eating disorders among university students: can different approaches lead to different results?

et al. 2021

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Purpose Administration of questionnaires to assess the diffusion of disordered eating behaviours via the web is becoming common today. The aim of this study is to assess whether two different approaches of administering a test to assess traits of eating disorders (EDs), orthorexia nervosa (ON) and muscle dysmorphia (MD) by email recruitment and online completion (web-based survey—WBS) and by in person recruitment and paper-and-pencil completion (paper-based survey—PBS), gives different results. Methods During 2 consecutive academic years, a self-reported questionnaire consisting of questions about personal characteristics and three tests for the evaluation of ON (ORTO-15), MD (MDDI-ITA), and EDs (EAT-26) were administered to two groups of undergraduates, respectively, as a WBS and a PBS. Results The WBS response rate was 6.7% (N = 137), and the PBS response rate was 86.5% (N = 372). The WBS group showed a statistically significant higher prevalence of students with eating disordered behaviours (21.2% vs 5.4%) and registered a higher mean score on the EAT-26 test (13.5 ± 11.1 vs 6.0 ± 8.0); no differences between the two groups emerged for ON and MD prevalence and test scores. Moreover, in the WBS group, the number of students with one or more tests with test scores above the cut-off values was significantly higher (46.0% vs 32.3%). Conclusion The choice of the approach to administer a questionnaire to assess the diffusion of EDs and related issues must take into account all the factors that can result in selection bias and that can affect the reliability of the results. Level of evidence Level V, descriptive cross-sectional survey.

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New Horizons in Measurement: a Review of Novel and Innovative Approaches to Eating-Disorder Assessment

Cited by 5 publications

References 58 publications

Eating disorder measures in a sample of military veterans: A focus on gender, age, and race/ethnicity.

Eating disorder measures in a sample of military veterans: A focus on gender, age, and race/ethnicity.

Psychometric properties of the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire among Brazilian cisgender gay and bisexual adult men

Use of online and paper-and-pencil questionnaires to assess the distribution of orthorexia nervosa, muscle dysmorphia and eating disorders among university students: can different approaches lead to different results?

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