2016
DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.21.9.091310
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New frontiers in time-domain diffuse optics, a review

Abstract: The recent developments in time-domain diffuse optics that rely on physical concepts (e.g., time-gating and null distance) and advanced photonic components (e.g., vertical cavity source-emitting laser as light sources, single photon avalanche diode, and silicon photomultipliers as detectors, fast-gating circuits, and time-to-digital converters for acquisition) are focused. This study shows how these tools could lead on one hand to compact and wearable time-domain devices for point-of-care diagnostics down to t… Show more

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Cited by 197 publications
(190 citation statements)
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References 189 publications
(173 reference statements)
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“…In addition, the possibility to obtain wearable instruments is suitable for all the steps of the rehabilitation processes or sport training, where a monitoring of the muscular tissue hemodynamic progress is necessary. 27 As discussed in Sec. 3.4, for the future, it is necessary to properly address the issue of the thermal stability of the detection probe, in particular by employing proper heat management strategies due to the presence of the radiofrequency avalanche signal amplifier.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 97%
“…In addition, the possibility to obtain wearable instruments is suitable for all the steps of the rehabilitation processes or sport training, where a monitoring of the muscular tissue hemodynamic progress is necessary. 27 As discussed in Sec. 3.4, for the future, it is necessary to properly address the issue of the thermal stability of the detection probe, in particular by employing proper heat management strategies due to the presence of the radiofrequency avalanche signal amplifier.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 97%
“…An insightful simulation of measurements performed at radius distal location was presented, investigating the potential for in vivo studies in the 1100-to 1700-nm range. Improving instrument sophistication (e.g., integrated circuit solutions for InGaAs/ InP SPAD under development 37 ) will guarantee strong cost and size reduction in the near future, making miniature handheld technologies available, 5 and we see point of care devices as one of the possible beneficiary to use these long-wavelength spectral features at in situ conditions.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…[1][2][3][4] Traditionally, in vivo diffuse optical measurements have been performed, at most, in the 600-to 1100-nm window. [5][6][7] This is due to high hemoglobin absorption below 600 nm and dominant water absorption combined with lack of suitable detection technology above 1100 nm. Furthermore, studies are most often performed below 900 nm, where more conventional and cheaper detectors are available.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…14,15 During the last two decades, picosecond pulsed lasers, time-resolved singlephoton detectors, and time-tagging electronics have experienced considerable advancements, but the state-of-the-art TD-DOT systems like MONSTIR 16,17 and other instruments 18,19 are still large rack-based systems, limiting somewhat a widespread clinical adoption. In particular, since DOT requires a large number of detection points (e.g., few tens), the main bottleneck is still represented by the use of expensive, bulky, and delicate photocathode-based vacuum tubes like photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) or, more recently, hybrid PMTs.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%