New formulae for prediction of wave overtopping at inclined structures with smooth impermeable surface

Abstract

Reliable prediction of wave overtopping rate has an important role in the design and safety assessment of coastal structures. In this study, the selected data from the CLASH database were used to provide new formulas for the estimation of wave overtopping at simple sloped inclined seawalls or dikes with smooth impermeable surface. To develop the formulas, the decision tree approach together with the nonlinear regression provided by SPSS was used as a novel procedure. The conventional governing parameters were used as the input and output variables. The accuracy of the new formulas was then compared to those of previous ones and the measurements. It was shown that the presented formulas outperform the existing ones in the prediction of small and large scale overtopping rates at inclined impermeable coastal structures such as dikes and seawalls.

Wave overtopping at berm breakwaters: Experimental study and development of prediction formula

“…Etemad-Shahidi and Jafari [12] and Etemad-Shahidi et al [15]. Based on the scatter of the result, the formulae for the deterministic design or safety assessment of berm breakwaters are given as: (46) where N can be obtained for various exceedance levels (Table 6), assuming a normal distribution.…”

“…Low overtopping discharges measured during the model tests are less likely to be accurate due to the measurement errors in these tests (e.g. [12], [15], [46]). Hence, following Van Gent et al [47] and Verhaeghe et al [48], data with q ≥ 10 -6 m 3 /m/s were selected for the current study.…”

“…In the field of coastal engineering, the M5MT method was used to predict the armour stability [10] and overtopping discharge [23] at rubble mound breakwaters. In addition, it was utilized for the wave height prediction in Lake Superior [14], to develop the wave spectrum at the Gulf of Maine: USA and Bay of Bengal: India [33], estimation of wind speed from wave measurements [8], to develop an improved overtopping prediction model for inclined coastal structures with smooth impermeable surface [12] and vertical structures [15].…”

“…In order to derive the prediction formulae, the M5` model tree [49] and the software package SPSS were used together with scaling arguments. Recently, these approaches were successfully used to develop accurate prediction models at vertical structures [15], smooth sloped structures [12] and rubble mound breakwaters [23]. The new formulae were trained on two-thirds of the data and validated using the remaining one-third.…”

Wave run-up on bermed coastal structures

“…M5 has been used in coastal engineering to predict the armour stability [21] and overtopping discharge [22] at rubble mound breakwaters, wave height prediction in Lake Superior [23], to develop the wave spectrum at the Gulf of Maine: USA and Bay of Bengal: India [24], estimation of wind speed from wave measurements [25], to develop an improved overtopping prediction model for inclined coastal structures with smooth impermeable surface [26] and vertical structures [27]. The details of M5 technique can be obtained from Quinlan [28] and Wang and Witten [14], the excerpt of which are enumerated below.…”