New foci of strawberry Fusarium wilt in Huelva (Spain) and susceptibility of the most commonly used cultivars

Borrero, C.; Bascón, J.; Gallardo, Manuel Ángel; Orta, María Salud; Avilés, Manuel

doi:10.1016/j.scienta.2017.08.034

Cited by 21 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Twelve isolates did not cause symptoms on either cultivar. Of these, F74 and F79 were confirmed to be pathogenic on the cultivar Splendor, as previously reported (Borrero et al ., 2017). Isolate NRF0806 was still considered Fof based on reported pathogenicity to other cultivars (Suga et al ., 2013) and somatic compatibility with pathogenic isolates.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Horizontal chromosome transfer and independent evolution drive diversification inFusarium oxysporumf. sp.fragariae

et al. 2021

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Summary The genes required for host‐specific pathogenicity in Fusarium oxysporum can be acquired through horizontal chromosome transfer (HCT). However, it is unknown if HCT commonly contributes to the diversification of pathotypes. Using comparative genomics and pathogenicity phenotyping, we explored the role of HCT in the evolution of F. oxysporum f. sp. fragariae, the cause of Fusarium wilt of strawberry, with isolates from four continents. We observed two distinct syndromes: one included chlorosis (‘yellows‐fragariae’) and the other did not (‘wilt‐fragariae’). All yellows‐fragariae isolates carried a predicted pathogenicity chromosome, ‘chrY‐frag’, that was horizontally transferred at least four times. chrY‐frag was associated with virulence on specific cultivars and encoded predicted effectors that were highly upregulated during infection. chrY‐frag was not present in wilt‐fragariae; isolates causing this syndrome evolved pathogenicity independently. All origins of F. oxysporum f. sp. fragariae occurred outside of the host’s native range. Our data support the conclusion that HCT is widespread in F. oxysporum, but pathogenicity can also evolve independently. The absence of chrY‐frag in wilt‐fragariae suggests that multiple, distinct pathogenicity chromosomes can confer the same host specificity. The wild progenitors of cultivated strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) did not co‐evolve with this pathogen, yet we discovered several sources of genetic resistance.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Horizontal chromosome transfer and independent evolution drive diversification inFusarium oxysporumf. sp.fragariae

et al. 2021

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“…Several strawberry cultivars have been identified as resistant or susceptible to Fusarium wilt in previous studies conducted using a variety of screening protocols, pathogen isolates, and environments ( Takahashi et al 2003 ; Dávalos-González et al 2004 ; Takahashi et al 2006 ; Fang et al 2012a , b , 2013 ; Paynter et al 2014 ; Gordon et al 2016 ; Husaini and Neri 2016 ; Borrero et al 2017 ). The resistance classifications of the cultivars tested in our study were consistent with those previously reported.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several strawberry cultivars have been reported to be either highly susceptible or moderately to highly resistant to F. oxysporum f. sp. fragariae ( Takahashi et al 2003 ; Dávalos-González et al 2004 ; Hutton and Gomez 2006 ; Takahashi et al 2006 ; Fang et al 2012a , b , 2013 ; Paynter et al 2014 ; Koike and Gordon 2015 ; Husaini and Neri 2016 ; Borrero et al 2017 ). While a full range of disease symptoms have been reported, including apparent immunity, genetic factors underlying resistance to Fusarium wilt have not been identified, and contradictory conclusions have been reached in previous studies ( Mori et al 2005 ; Paynter et al 2014 ).…”

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confidence: 99%

Genome-Wide Association Mapping Uncovers Fw1, a Dominant Gene Conferring Resistance to Fusarium Wilt in Strawberry

Pincot¹,

Poorten²,

Hardigan³

et al. 2018

G3 Genes|Genomes|Genetics

108

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Fusarium wilt, a soil-borne disease caused by the fungal pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. fragariae, threatens strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) production worldwide. The spread of the pathogen, coupled with disruptive changes in soil fumigation practices, have greatly increased disease pressure and the importance of developing resistant cultivars. While resistant and susceptible cultivars have been reported, a limited number of germplasm accessions have been analyzed, and contradictory conclusions have been reached in earlier studies to elucidate the underlying genetic basis of resistance. Here, we report the discovery of Fw1, a dominant gene conferring resistance to Fusarium wilt in strawberry. The Fw1 locus was uncovered in a genome-wide association study of 565 historically and commercially important strawberry accessions genotyped with 14,408 SNP markers. Fourteen SNPs in linkage disequilibrium with Fw1 physically mapped to a 2.3 Mb segment on chromosome 2 in a diploid F. vesca reference genome. Fw1 and 11 tightly linked GWAS-significant SNPs mapped to linkage group 2C in octoploid segregating populations. The most significant SNP explained 85% of the phenotypic variability and predicted resistance in 97% of the accessions tested—broad-sense heritability was 0.96. Several disease resistance and defense-related gene homologs, including a small cluster of genes encoding nucleotide-binding leucine-rich-repeat proteins, were identified in the 0.7 Mb genomic segment predicted to harbor Fw1. DNA variants and candidate genes identified in the present study should facilitate the development of high-throughput genotyping assays for accurately predicting Fusarium wilt phenotypes and applying marker-assisted selection.

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“…Pratylenchus penetrans has been reported as a pathogen for strawberries and was present in 20% of the strawberry fields sampled in Huelva, but with a lower abundance than M. hapla. Root lesion nematodes can interact with other soil pathogens, causing complex diseases in strawberries [37], such as Macrophomina phaseolina or Fusarium, which appear in the area [38,39].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nematode Management in the Strawberry Fields of Southern Spain

et al. 2019

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(1) Background: Spain is the sixth strawberry producer in the world, with about 6500 ha producing more than 350,000 tons, and an annual commercial value about 390 million €. Stunted and dead strawberry plants are frequently associated with plant-parasitic nematodes, but nematode diseases have not been characterized to date in the country. (2) Methods: A poll on the perception of the impact of nematodes on strawberry production was carried out by face-to-face interviews with farm advisors. In addition, nematological field surveys were carried out at the end of the growing season in 2017 and 2018 to determine prevalence and abundance of plant-parasitic nematodes in strawberry crops. The host suitability to Meloidogyne hapla of seventeen strawberry cultivars and the tolerance limit to M. hapla at progressively higher initial population densities (Pi) were assessed in pot experiments in a growth chamber. Comparison of the relative efficacies of several soil disinfestation methods in controlling nematode populations (M. hapla and Pratylenchus penetrans) was carried out in experimental field trials for twelve consecutive years. (3) Results: Meloidogyne spp., Pratylenchus penetrans, and Hemicycliophora spp. were the main plant-parasitic nematodes in the strawberry fields in South Spain. Root-knot nematodes were found in 90% of the fields, being M. hapla the most prevalent species (71% of the fields). A tolerance limit of 0.2 M. hapla juveniles per g of soil was estimated for strawberry, and currently cropped strawberry cultivars did not show resistance to M. hapla. Nematode population densities were reduced by more than 70% by soil fumigation with 1,3-dichloropropene, dazomet, dimethyl-disulfide, and methyl iodide. The efficacy of metam-sodium in reducing nematode populations was about 50% and that of chloropicrin, furfural, and sodium-azide, less than 40%. Combination of solarization with organic manures (biosolarization) reduced soil nematode populations by 68–73%. (4) Conclusions: Plant-parasitic nematodes (Meloidogyne, Pratylenchus, and Hemicycliophora) are widely distributed in the strawberry fields of Southern Spain. Strawberry is a poor host for M. hapla with a tolerance limit of 0.2 J2 per g of soil, and low population increases in cropping cycles of 7–8 months. Strawberry cultivars show a range of susceptibility and tolerance to M. hapla, but no resistance is found. Nematodes are effectively controlled by chemical fumigation of soils, but soil biosolarization is equally effective, and therefore, can be proposed as a sustainable alternative for pathogen control in strawberry cultivation.

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New foci of strawberry Fusarium wilt in Huelva (Spain) and susceptibility of the most commonly used cultivars

Cited by 21 publications

References 22 publications

Horizontal chromosome transfer and independent evolution drive diversification inFusarium oxysporumf. sp.fragariae

Horizontal chromosome transfer and independent evolution drive diversification inFusarium oxysporumf. sp.fragariae

Genome-Wide Association Mapping Uncovers Fw1, a Dominant Gene Conferring Resistance to Fusarium Wilt in Strawberry

Nematode Management in the Strawberry Fields of Southern Spain

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