New Estimates of CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; Emission Scaling Factors by Amount of Rice Straw Applied from Korea Paddy Fields

Ju, Okjung; Won, Tae-Jin; Cho, Kwang-Rae; Choi, Byoung-Rourl; Seo, Jae-Sun; Park, In-Tae; Kim, Gun-Yeob

doi:10.5338/kjea.2013.32.3.179

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 7 publications

(4 reference statements)

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions is a crucial current issue for most environmental science experts. A major source of GHG emissions are in fact paddy fields (Ma et al, 2008;Hadi et al, 2010;Kim et al, 2012;Ju et al, 2013;Suryavanshi et al, 2013). A recent report by Jain et al (2013) revealed that in terms of the global warming potential (GWP), SRI could reduce GHG emissions by 28% compared with conventional practice.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Sri Water Management on Water Quality and Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Korea

Choi

Kim

Park

et al. 2014

Irrigation and Drainage

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A feasibility study on the system of rice intensification (SRI) methods with respect to irrigation requirements, non‐point source (NPS) pollution discharge, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and rice yields was conducted for either 2 or 3 years depending on the treatment in Korea. Large‐size runoff plots were prepared, and the necessary measuring systems installed. The SRI methods were carried out with a Japonica variety of rice, Odaebyeo (Oryza sativa L.), and the results were compared with those for control plots. The data indicated the high potentiality of adoption of the SRI methods for paddy farming in Korea. The SRI methods (i.e. SRI and conventional practice with SRI water management (CS)) reduced the irrigation requirement by 50.2 and 46.0%, respectively. For the SRI and CS plots, averaged concentration reductions of typical NPS pollutants, relative to conventional practice (CT) plots, ranged between 15.3 and 42.6%. The GHG emissions from the conventional practice with two forced drainages (CD) and the CS plots, in terms of their CO2 equivalents, were reduced by 65.5 and 72.8%, respectively, compared with those from the CT plots. The rice yields from the SRI and the CS plots were not greater than those from the CT plots. Application of SRI water management methods could help to improve Korea's water resources and water quality management, and could thus contribute to mitigation of the negative effects of global warming. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Sri Water Management on Water Quality and Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Korea

Choi

Kim

Park

et al. 2014

Irrigation and Drainage

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“…논 토양에서 생성된 메탄은 벼 식물체의 통기 조직을 통한 운송, 토양 표층을 통한 불규칙적 분출, 그리고 대기와의 농도 차이에 의한 확산을 주요 경로로 대기로 방출된다 (Gwon et al, 2022). 주요 세 가지 경로 중 논에서 방출되는 메탄의 90% 이상이 벼의 통기 조 직을 통해 대기로 방출되는 것으로 알려져 있어 (NAAS, 2013), 대부분의 연구에서는 이를 주요하게 고려한다 (Seo et al, 2011;Ju et al, 2013;Kim et al, 2016;Jeong et al, 2018). 비록, 논에서 메탄 플럭스를 측정할 때 벼와 함께 토양 표면도 일정 면적 포함되지만, 토양에서 분출과 확산 등을 통해 직접 방출되는 메탄에 대한 연구는 부족하다 (Tokida et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Methane emission from soil surface during rice growth season under different temperature, fertilization, and rice straw input conditions

Shin,

Baek,

Park

et al. 2024

Korean J. Soil. Sci. Fert.

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Rice (Oryza sativa L.) fields are major sources of methane (CH 4 ) which is the second most important greenhouse gas after carbon dioxide. Methane is known to be released mainly through aerenchyma tissues of rice plants; however, CH 4 is also released from soil surface through ebullition and diffusion. However, little information is available for CH 4 emission directly from soil surface (MDFS). In this study, in order to enlarge our understanding of CH 4 emission from rice paddy fields, we investigated MDFS under different rice growth conditions such as temperature, fertilization, and rice straw input. Rice was cultivated using pots with different fertilization regime (chemical fertilizer vs. organic fertilizer + manure compost) with or without rice straw input under ambient or elevated (+3°C) temperature. Methane emissions from rice plants (including MDFS) and MDFS alone without rice plants were measured three times before mid-season drainage (MSD), in the course of MSD, and after MSD. The MDFS flux and its contribution to the total CH 4 emissions was not affected by temperature, fertilization, and rice straw inputs across the rice growing season. The mean total CH 4 flux and MDFS flux were 20.7 mg m -2 hr -1 and 0.22 mg m -2 hr -1 , respectively, and thus the portion of MDFS to total CH 4 emission was about 1%. However, MDFS flux in the early rice season increased by rice straw input and MDFS accounted for 5% of total CH 4 emission, probably due to increased CH 4 production by rice straw inputs at higher levels than the capacity of aerenchyma tissue to intake and transport the CH 4 produced in the early rice season with low tiller number. Our result indicate that MDFS may substantially contribute to the total CH 4 emission in the early season of rice cultivation with organic inputs.

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Assessing paddy methane emissions through the identification of rice and winter crop areas using Sentinel-2 imagery in Korea

Jang,

Park,

Lee

et al. 2024

Paddy Water Environ

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The global efforts on reducing methane (CH4) emissions was emphasized in COP 28 and the potential for improved estimation became feasible through bottom-up data acquisition with advanced remote sensing technology. The objectives of this study were to extract summer rice and winter crop cultivation areas based on satellite images and to incorporate into estimating CH4 emissions in South Korea for the year 2020. Satellite images of Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 were acquired from European Space Agency. Rice paddy was classified with backscattering coefficient from Sentinel-1 images, while the normalized difference vegetation index from Sentinel-2 images was used to identify winter cropping field. The equation of IPCC guidelines was used to estimate CH4 emissions by incorporating the areas of rice paddy and winter crop extracted with the respective satellite image. National farming statistics were used to determine the scaling factors for paddy organic matter and water management practices. The estimated areas for rice paddy and winter crop cultivation were 712,237 ha and 117,840 ha, respectively. The rice paddy areas were primarily concentrated in the western regions of the Korean peninsula, whereas winter crop cultivation was predominantly found in southern part of the country. The total amount of CH4 emissions was 6272 Gg CO2 eq./yr when considering rice straw and winter cropping practices into estimation (modified Tier 2 method). This represents a 7% increase compared to the method that considered solely the rice straw incorporation (current Tier 2 method). The CH4 emissions per unit area were also 8.82 tons CO2 eq./ha/yr with the modified Tier 2 method, indicating a 10% greater compared to the current Tier 2 method. Substantial CH4 emissions were primarily concentrated in western regions where extensive rice paddy cultivation occurs, while greater CH4 emissions per unit area were predominantly found in southern regions with substantial winter crop cultivation. The study findings hold importance for improving the accuracy of CH4 emissions estimation by employing bottom-up approach that utilizes satellite imagery to assess rice paddy and winter cropping areas. Further study would be needed to incorporate field-based data on rice crop management practices, such as rice straw and water management, to further refine CH4 emission estimation method.

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New Estimates of CH<sub>4</sub> Emission Scaling Factors by Amount of Rice Straw Applied from Korea Paddy Fields

Cited by 7 publications

References 7 publications

Effect of Sri Water Management on Water Quality and Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Korea

Effect of Sri Water Management on Water Quality and Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Korea

Methane emission from soil surface during rice growth season under different temperature, fertilization, and rice straw input conditions

Assessing paddy methane emissions through the identification of rice and winter crop areas using Sentinel-2 imagery in Korea

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