New Developments in the Use of Histamine and Histamine Receptors

Abstract

Histamine and the histamine receptors are important regulators of a plethora of biological processes, including immediate hypersensitivity reactions and acid secretion in the stomach. In these roles, antihistamines have found widespread therapeutic applications, while the last receptor to be discovered, the H4 histamine receptor, has become a major target of novel therapeutics. Recent studies involving human genetic variance and the development of mice lacking specific receptors or the ability to generate histamine have shown roles for the histamine pathway that extend well beyond the established roles. These include identification of previously unappreciated mechanisms through which histamine regulates inflammation in allergy, as well as roles in autoimmunity, infection, and pain. As a result, antihistamines may have wider applications in the future than previously predicted.

Update and clinical utility of alcaftadine ophthalmic solution 0.25% in the treatment of allergic conjunctivitis

“… 29 – 31 Histamine produced following mast cell degranulation is degraded by histamine N -methyl transferase (HNMT) and diamine oxidase. 32 It plays an important role in the pathomechanisms of allergen-induced conjunctival inflammation via activation of the G protein-coupled receptors. It is of note that histamine receptors are G protein-coupled receptors.…”

Efekat benzodiazepina na kontrakciju preparisane traheje zamorca izazvane histaminom

“…Gama-amino buterična kiselina (GABA) je neurotransmiter koji je značajan inhibitor u centralnom nervnom sistemu sisara [2,3,4]. Histamin (beta-imidazolyl-ethylamine) ima bronhokonstriktivni efekat uz pomoć H1 receptora [5]. Najveća količina histamina se produkuje u mastoidnim ćelijama koje su gusto lokalizovane u mukoznom sloju zida disajnih puteva.…”

“…Iz tog razloga histamin se može koristiti kao lijek u bronhoprovokacionim testovima za dokazivanje bronhijalnog reaktibiliteta, a takođe iz tog razloga mi smo ga koristili u ovom istraživanju kao lijek koji izaziva bronhokonstrikciju [5,6,7]. Većina radova istraživala je centralne efekte GABA-ergičnog sistema na regulaciju prohodnosti disajnih puteva, a istraživanja o njegovim eventualnim perifernim efektima su manje dostupna u literaturi i manje se o njima zna.…”

Antihistamines in Ocular Allergy: Are They All Created Equal?

“…Like many other members of the G-protein receptor superfamily, histamine H 4 -receptors possess a high constitutive activity, and like the H 1 -receptor, they are involved in the pathogenesis of type 1 allergic reactions [61]. One study examined the value of inhibition of both H 1 -and H 4 R-receptors in an acute asthma model and showed synergistic effects of H 1 R and H 4 R antagonists [62•].…”