New Developments in Cold Spray Based on Higher Gas and Particle Temperatures

Schmidt, Tobias; Gaertner, Frank; Kreye, H.

doi:10.1361/105996306x147144

Cited by 166 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The reference value represents the value of strength at v pi /v cr = 2. Considering the special stress condition in the TCT test, this value coincides roughly with the ultimate tensile strength of 450 MPa as obtained for (highly deformed) copper (Ref 8,19,20). In view of these results, the real cohesive strength of cold-sprayed coatings may be expressed generally, for typical powders and ideal spraying conditions, as follows:…”

Section: Coating Strengthsupporting

confidence: 78%

“…This window is in fact a graphical representation of the above criterion for particle bonding, as illustrated on a v pi -T pi diagram. It provides a basis to identify the required spraying parameters, and ultimately, to optimize coating properties (Ref 8,19,20). The influence of key material and process parameters on v pi and v cr is summarized in Table 1.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As shown in the table, some properties influence both v pi and v cr , while others influence either v pi or v cr . Moreover, some of these influences, such as the effect of particle size on v pi , do not follow a monotonic trend (Ref 13,18,20,21). Because of these complexities, identification of optimum spraying parameters for different materials continues to be a challenging aspect of cold spraying.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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On Parameter Selection in Cold Spraying

et al. 2011

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For cold spraying, a method for the construction of the window of deposition and the selection of optimum process parameters is presented. Initially, particle impact velocity and the critical particle velocity for bonding are worked out and expressed explicitly in terms of key process and material parameters. Subsequently, the influence of particle velocity on coating characteristics is examined in view of the results of experiments and simulations. It has been found that main coating characteristics can be described as a unique function of the ratio of particle velocity to critical velocity, here referred to as g. Finally, coating properties are linked directly to primary process parameters via parameter selection maps, where contours of constant g are plotted on a plane of gas temperature versus gas pressure. Inferences of the presented method and the resulting parameter selection maps are discussed for the example of copper as feedstock material.

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Section: Coating Strengthsupporting

confidence: 78%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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On Parameter Selection in Cold Spraying

et al. 2011

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“…Many complex phenomena take place during deposition, including: work hardening, formation of adiabatic shear instabilities and recrystallization [21][22][23][24]. The plastic deformation and formation of the adiabatic shear instability are believed to contribute to the bonding [25][26][27][28] for both particle to substrate (i.e. coating adhesion) and particle to particle (i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical behavior of Ti cold spray coatings determined by a multi-scale indentation method

Goldbaum

Ajaja

Chromik

et al. 2011

Materials Science and Engineering: A

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“…The more heat the particles receive the softer they become, which influences particle deposition. Although an increase in particle temperature affects deposition efficiency, the expansion process that occurs before and after the nozzle throat causes a cooling process in the gas temperature and subsequently a reduction in particle temperature [46]. Therefore the increase in impact temperature of the particle as a result of the exposure to the carrier gas may be insignificant depending on certain characteristics such as particle size and stand-off distance.…”

Section: Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Alumina Addition to Aluminum Fins for Compact Heat Exchangers Produced by Cold Spray Additive Manufacturing

et al. 2015

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Aluminum and aluminum-alumina powder mixtures were used to produce pyramidal fin arrays on aluminum substrates using cold spray as an additive manufacturing process. Using aluminum-alumina mixtures instead of pure aluminum powder could be seen as a costeffective measure, preventing nozzle clogging. The fin geometries that were produced were observed using a 3D digital microscope to determine the flow passages width and fins geometric details. Heat transfer and pressure tests were carried out using different ranges of appropriate Reynolds numbers for the sought commercial application to compare each fin array and determine the effect of alumina content. It was found that the presence of alumina reduces the fins' performance when compared to pure aluminum but that they still outperform traditional fins. Numerical simulations were performed and were used to explain

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New Developments in Cold Spray Based on Higher Gas and Particle Temperatures

Cited by 166 publications

References 5 publications

On Parameter Selection in Cold Spraying

On Parameter Selection in Cold Spraying

Mechanical behavior of Ti cold spray coatings determined by a multi-scale indentation method

Influence of Alumina Addition to Aluminum Fins for Compact Heat Exchangers Produced by Cold Spray Additive Manufacturing

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