New copper(II)‐coordinated epoxy‐amine polymers with flame‐self‐extinguishment properties: Elaboration, combustibility testing, and flame propagation rate measuring

Abstract

Summary In the DGEBA ‐ pepa ‐ CuSiF6 system (DGEBA is diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A; pepa is polyethylenepolyamine containing ethylenediamine (eda) and diethylenetriamine (deta)), a new flame retardant‐hardener for epoxy resins in the form of a chelate complex [Cu(eda)(deta)]SiF6 was synthesized and incorporated into the DGEBA to obtain a number of CuSiF6‐containing epoxy‐amine polymers with reduced combustibility and flame‐self‐extinguishment properties. The resulting samples of the DGEBA/pepa‐CuSiF6(I‐V) were characterized using FTIR spectra, combustibility, and flammability tests and the smoke formation factor measurements. The combustibility of the polymer samples were investigated using “Ceramic tube” (CT) method. Results of CT measurement reveal that maximal temperature of gaseous products of combustion for modified epoxy‐amine polymers in comparison with the unmodified epoxy appreciably goes down and weight loss lessen. The flammability of the samples was evaluated by means of UL94 BH and UL94 BV methods. The burning rate of the DGEBA/pepa‐CuSiF6(III) and DGEBA/pepa‐CuSiF6(IV) polymers containing 44 and 66 weight fractions of CuSiF6, respectively, is dramatically reduced compared to that for unmodified epoxy (these samples do not support flame propagation). The rburn. Values for the unmodified epoxy‐amine sample (DGEBA/pepa) is 25.13 mm·min−1.

Flame Protection Technologies for Wood: Developing and Testing for Fire of Timbers with a Flame-retardant Coating Based on the Epoxy-amine Composite Modified by Copper(II) Hexafluorosilicate

“…The flame-retardant coating based on epoxy-amine polymers modified with copper(II) hexafluorosilicate can be obtained in two ways. According to the first method, the polymer sample is obtained starting from the flame retardant-hardener and the binder [29]. For this, the [Cu(eda) (deta)]SiF 6 chelate complex is mixed with ED-20.…”

“…Due to their unusual ability to form chelate complexes, these copper(II) salts can be incorporated into the polymer framework of the composites, which ensures that the performance characteristics of these epoxy-amine composite materials are supported at the proper level [25,26]. These results prompted the search for new fire retardants for epoxy resins [27,28] to obtain epoxy-amine composite materials with a reduced fire hazard [29], which could be used as a fire-retardant coating for wood.…”

A flame retardant-hardener for epoxy resins: Synthesis, structural, and DFT studies of the [Cu(H2NC2H4NH2)2(H2O)Cl]Cl complex

“…Recently, chelate complexes [1] of many d-metals with polyamines [2] due to their thermal stabilization [3][4][5][6][7][8] caused by the chelating effect are widely used as flame retardants and hardeners of epoxy resins [9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. Among the great number of polydentate ligands, ethylenediamine (en) is known to use as an efficient curing agent to produce epoxy-polymer composites.…”

Elaboration, thermogravimetric analysis, and fire testing of a new type of wood‐sawdust composite materials based on epoxy–amine polymers modified with copper(II) hexafluorosilicate

“…The results of experimental studies have shown that the addition of even a small amount of an inorganic copper(II) salt to epoxy–amine polymers (EAPs) provides a significant reduction in the combustibility of epoxy‐based polymer materials 28,29 . In particular, the controlled addition of copper(II) hexafluorosilicate (flame retardant) to ordinary epoxy–amine composites increases their ignition and self‐ignition temperatures by an average of 15°C‐34°C and 25°C‐58°C, respectively.…”