New constraints on the sedimentation and uplift history of the Andaman-Nicobar accretionary prism, South Andaman Island

Allen, R.; Carter, Andrew; Najman, Yani; Bandopadhyay, P.C.; Chapman, H. J.; Bickle, M. J.; Garzanti, Eduardo; Vezzoli, Giovanni; Andó, Sergio; Foster, Gavin L.; Gerring, C.

doi:10.1130/2008.2436(11)

Cited by 46 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…The sediments of the upper Irrawaddy basin include volcanics from a Cretaceous arc and sediments shed during the collision (Stephenson and Marshall, 1984;Maury et al, 2004;Najman et al, 2004;Szulc et al, 2006;Allen et al, 2008) as well as subduction related intrusive igneous rocks post-collision (Darbyshire and Swainbank, 1988 K a t h a -G a n g a w & T a g a u n g -M y i t k y i n a b e l t s Cretaceous age by the Kaladan Fault. The Indo-Burman hills accreted as forearc flysh above the Sunda Arc subduction zone (Allen et al, 2008).…”

Section: Geologymentioning

confidence: 98%

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Chemical fluxes from time series sampling of the Irrawaddy and Salween Rivers, Myanmar

Chapman

Bickle

Thaw³

et al. 2015

Chemical Geology

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The Irrawaddy and Salween rivers in Myanmar deliver water fluxes to the ocean equal to~70% of the GangesBrahmaputra river system. Together these systems are thought to deliver about half the dissolved load from the tectonically active Himalayan-Tibetan orogen. Previously very little data was available on the dissolved load and isotopic compositions of these major rivers. Here we present time series data of 171 samples collected fortnightly at intervals throughout 2004 to 2007 from the Irrawaddy and Salween at locations near both the river mouths, the up-stream Irrawaddy at Myitkyina, the Chindwin, a major tributary of the Irrawaddy and a set of 28 small tributaries which rise in the flood plain of the Irrawaddy between Yangon and Mandalay. The samples have been analysed for major cation, anion and 87 Sr/ 86 Sr ratios. The new data indicates that the Irrawaddy has an annual average Na concentration only a third of the widely quoted single previously published analysis. The Irrawaddy and Salween drain about 0.5% of global continental area and deliver about 3.3% of the global silicate-derived dissolved Ca + Mg fluxes and 2.6% of the global Sr riverine fluxes to the oceans. This compares with Ganges and Brahmaputra which deliver about 3.4% of the global silicate-derived dissolved Ca + Mg fluxes and 3.2% of the global Sr riverine fluxes to the oceans from about 1.1% of global continental area. The dischargeweighted mean 87 Sr/ 86 Sr ratio of the Irrawaddy is 0.71024 and the Salween 0.71466. The chemistry of the Salween and the Irrawaddy waters reflects their different bedrock geology. The catchment of the Salween extends across the Shan Plateau in Myanmar through the Eastern syntaxis of the Himalayas and into Tibet. The Irrawaddy flows over the Cretaceous and Tertiary magmatic and metamorphic rocks exposed along the western margin of the Shan Plateau and the Cretaceous to Neogene Indo-Burma ranges. The 87 Sr/ 86 Sr compositions of the Salween and Upper Irrawaddy (between 0.7128 and 0.7176) are significantly higher than the downstream Irrawaddy (0.7095 to 0.7108) and the Chindwin (0.7082 to 0.7095). The Irrawaddy and the Chindwin exhibit lower 87 Sr/ 86 Sr and Na/Ca ratios during and immediately post-monsoon, interpreted to reflect higher weathering of carbonate at high flow. The Salween exhibits higher 87 Sr/ 86 Sr ratios but lower Na/Ca ratios during the monsoon, interpreted to reflect higher inputs from the upper parts of the catchment in the Himalayas.

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Section: Geologymentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The Indo-Burman hills accreted as forearc flysh above the Sunda Arc subduction zone (Allen et al, 2008).…”

Section: Geologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical fluxes from time series sampling of the Irrawaddy and Salween Rivers, Myanmar

Chapman

Bickle

Thaw³

et al. 2015

Chemical Geology

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“…1.1 (Wright & Short 1984;Bird 2008). At this location the acidic to intermediate composition of the lithic grains and overall quartz-rich nature of the sand grains indicate crustal rock sources (Allen et al 2008;Garzanti et al 2013). Shingle beaches are well developed all along the coast near Panchwati in Middle Andaman Island, where ultramafic ophiolite hills occur close to the coast and streams with a short transport distance carry the coarser (.sand grain size) sediments to the coast.…”

Section: Beaches and Beach Rockmentioning

confidence: 98%

Chapter 2 Introduction to the geography and geomorphology of the Andaman–Nicobar Islands

Bandopadhyay

Carter

2017

Memoirs

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“…It is situated~70 km east of India's Andaman Islands chain, where sequences of oceanic volcanic and metavolcanic rocks (pillow basalts, ultramafics, serpentinites, greenstones) as well as flysch sediments are exposed (e.g., Allen et al 2007). The Andaman Trench, along which the NE-moving Indian Plate currently subducts beneath the Burmese Plate, is 250 km west of the volcano.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volcanology and eruptive styles of Barren Island: an active mafic stratovolcano in the Andaman Sea, NE Indian Ocean

et al. 2009

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Barren Island (India) is a relatively little studied, little known active volcano in the Andaman Sea, and the northernmost active volcano of the great Indonesian arc. The volcano is built of prehistoric (possibly late Pleistocene) lava flows (dominantly basalt and basaltic andesite, with minor andesite) intercalated with volcaniclastic deposits (tuff breccias, and ash beds deposited by pyroclastic falls and surges), which are exposed along a roughly circular caldera wall. There are indications of a complete phreatomagmatic tephra ring around the exposed base of the volcano. A polygenetic cinder cone has existed at the centre of the caldera and produced basalt-basaltic andesite aa and blocky aa lava flows, as well as tephra, during historic eruptions (1787-1832) and three recent eruptions (1991,. The recent aa flows include a toothpaste aa flow, with tilted and overturned crustal slabs carried atop an aa core, as well as locally developed tumuli-like elliptical uplifts having corrugated crusts. Based on various evidence we infer that it belongs to either the 1991 or the 1994-95 eruptions. The volcano has recently (2008) begun yet another eruption, so far only of tephra. We make significantly different interpretations of several features of the volcano than previous workers. This study of the volcanology and eruptive styles of the Barren Island volcano lays the ground for detailed geochemical-isotopic and petrogenetic work, and provides clues to what the volcano can be expected to do in the future.

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New constraints on the sedimentation and uplift history of the Andaman-Nicobar accretionary prism, South Andaman Island

Cited by 46 publications

References 53 publications

Chemical fluxes from time series sampling of the Irrawaddy and Salween Rivers, Myanmar

Chemical fluxes from time series sampling of the Irrawaddy and Salween Rivers, Myanmar

Chapter 2 Introduction to the geography and geomorphology of the Andaman–Nicobar Islands

Volcanology and eruptive styles of Barren Island: an active mafic stratovolcano in the Andaman Sea, NE Indian Ocean

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