New compact multiband inverted-L frequency reconfigurable antenna for cognitive radio applications

Abstract

This paper presents, new compact and multiband frequency reconfigurable antenna for cognitive radio applications. A UWB sensing and reconfigurable communicating antennas are contained at the same substrate, where the UWB sensing antenna is an elliptical printed monopole antenna operates on frequency band from (2.65-22.112) GHz which can cover the UWB frequency band from 3.1 to 10.6 GHz, while the communicating antenna is an inverted-L frequency reconfigurable antenna operates on three bands of 1.49 GHz, 5.58 GHz, and 5.6 GHz under (S11 ≤ -10 dB) with a fractional bandwidth of 5.872%, 6.02%, and 6.05% respectively. The proposed antenna used to operate in two modes one for cognitive radio applications to cover WLAN applications at 5.5 GHz and 5.6 GHz and the second mode for wireless Ethernet, GPS synchronization, and Internet of Things that Matter (IoTtM) at 1.49 GHz. The frequency reconfigurability is obtained by using only a single RF switch (PIN diode) for changing the operating frequency. The antenna overall dimensions are 72 x 36 x 1.6 mm<sup>3</sup> printed on an FR-4 epoxy substrate of 4.3 relative-permittivity, loss tangent tan (δ) = 0.002 and 50 Ω micro stripline feed. The obtained simulated gain is ranging from 1.35 to 4.132 dBi. The S11 and isolation (S12) between the two antennas are under -20 dB and -17 dB respectively at the resonant frequencies.

Design and analysis of frequency reconfigurable antenna in S-band

“…From the table, it can be seen that the designed antenna (frequency configurable antenna) is best suited for the frequencies 2.1, 2.4, and 3.0 GHz. Single heart shape reconfigurable 2.12-2.88 GHz Omnidirectional pattern [27] Frequency reconfigurable single port 2.0-2.8 GHz WiMax/Cband, Cband/WLAN or Xband [28] Microstrip patch antenna 12.8-15.8 GHz Ku band for satellite [29] Compact tuning fork shape ultra-wideband (UWB) 4.5-5.5 GHz GPS, WLAN/Wi-Fi, WiMax, 4G LTE, UWB [30] Slotted bowtie antenna multiband and wideband antenna 3.5-9.0 GHz Multimode communication systems [31] Planar inverted-F antenna 0.980-3.392 GHz GPS, WLAN/Wi-Fi, WiMax, 4G LTE, UWB [32] Compact and multiband frequency 3.1-10.6 GHz Cognitive radio [33] Hexagonal shaped microstrip UWB…”

A multiband and wideband frequency reconfigurable slotted bowtie antenna

“…The configurations can be switched between the same mode or to another type of mode. For example, narrow-to-narrowband [3], narrow-to-wideband [4,5], multi-tomultiband [6][7][8][9][10], multi-to-wideband [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18], wide-to-wideband [19] and wide-to-narrow-to-multiband [20,21] configurations have been proposed and discussed. However, in this paper, we only focus on configurations of narrow-to-wideband and multi-to-wideband.…”