New chitosan modified with epichlohydrin and bidentate Schiff base applied to removal of Pb²⁺ and Cd²⁺ ions

Abstract

In this study, modified chitosan with epichlohydrin and bidentate Schiff base ligand (CEP) was successfully synthesized and characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray powderdiffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In addition, its removal ability of Pb 2+ and Cd 2+ ions was studied and the effect of various parameters such as pH solution, sorbent dose, and contact time on the adsorption of Pb 2+ and Cd 2+ ions were investigated and optimized. At optimal conditions (pH of 5, contact time of 90 min, 40 ppm of Pb 2+ , Cd 2+ concentration, and 0.02 g of CEP), the maximum removal percentage of Pb 2+ and Cd 2+ ions was found to be 95 and 79%, respectively. The adsorption process followed the second-order kinetic model for Pb(II) and the first-order kinetic model for Cd(II). In addition, the effect of interface ions was investigated and it was found that the presence of divalent cations only affected the adsorption of Pb(II) and Cd(II) using CEP. Finally, the CEP adsorbent has undergone five regeneration experiments and adsorption efficiency was reduced by about 9 and 12% for Pb(II) and Cd(II) ions, respectively. Results show that the CEP has great potential for the removal of other heavy metal ions as a facile, eco-friendly, and low-cost adsorbent.

Catalytic, Theoretical, and Biological Investigations of Ternary Metal (II) Complexes Derived from L-Valine-Based Schiff Bases and Heterocyclic Bases

“…The purity, crystallite size, and crystallinity of the synthesized complexes were analyzed by Powder XRD [ 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 ]. The diffractograms of complexes 1a , 1b , 1f , and 1h are shown in Figure 4 a,b.…”

Catalytic response and molecular simulation studies in the development of synthetic routes in trimeric triaryl pyridinium type ionic liquids

“…Ionic liquids (ILs) have recently attracted the attention of chemists because of their unique properties, such as non-volatility, non-flammability, chemical stability, a high electrochemical window, and a large liquid-state heating rate [1][2][3][4][5][6] . Cations, which are commonly organic, and anions, which are generally inorganic, are present in ILs to prevent the salts that result from packing completely.…”