New Brachiopoda from the Indian Ocean

Cooper, G. Arthur

doi:10.5479/si.00810266.16.1

Cited by 31 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…3K) and red colour pattern. The disjunct deltidial plates distinguish F. sanguinolenta from the Indian Ocean species, F. cruenta Cooper, 1973b in which deltidial plates are always conjunct (Cooper, 1973b;Hiller, 1994). Those two species also differ in size, with F. cruenta being much larger, and in colour patterns.…”

Section: Novocrania Reeveimentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Although the brachidium is not preserved, the studied specimens correspond very well to Xenobrochus africanus (Cooper, 1973b) in their small size, smooth surface, small mesothyrid foramen and wholly visible symphytium, and internally in lacking the cardinal process and having rudimentary hinge plates. This species was already reported from the New Caledonian region (Laurin, 1997), while from New Caledonia Laurin (1997) also described another species of Xenobrochus, X. indianensis (Cooper, 1973b) that differs strongly from X. africanus in having a prominent cardinal process and wider hinge plates. Recently Bitner (2009) recognized the species X. australis Cooper, 1981 in the material from the Norfolk Ridge that, like X. africanus, lacks the cardinal process but differs from the latter in having wide, triangular hinge plates (Bitner, 2009).…”

Section: Novocrania Reeveimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These two species differ, however, in the character of the ribs, which are distinctly granular and more widely spaced in D. indica (Cooper, 1973b;Bitner et al, 2008a).…”

Section: Lingula Anatina Lamarck 1801 Fig 2cmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently Bitner (2009) recognized the species X. australis Cooper, 1981 in the material from the Norfolk Ridge that, like X. africanus, lacks the cardinal process but differs from the latter in having wide, triangular hinge plates (Bitner, 2009). X. africanus was originally described from the Indian Ocean (Cooper, 1973b(Cooper, , 1981(Cooper, , 1983Hiller, 1986Hiller, , 1994 and its occurrence in the New Caledonia region is the only Pacific occurrence so far reported.…”

Section: Novocrania Reeveimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In turn, the presence of two erect processes on the dorsal valve in N. norfolki distinguishes this species internally from the specimens studied here. Xenobrochus africanus (Cooper, 1973b) …”

Section: Novocrania Reeveimentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biodiversity of shallow-water brachiopods from New Caledonia, SW Pacific, with description of a new species

Bitner¹

2010

Sci. Mar.

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SUMMARY: Twelve species of recent brachiopods belonging to the genera Lingula, Discradisca, Novocrania, Xenobrochus, Eucalathis, Frenulina, Argyrotheca, Campages, Thecidellina and Lacazella were identified in samples collected during shallow-water cruises around New Caledonia, southwest Pacific. Six genera, Lingula, Xenobrochus, Eucalathis, Frenulina, Campages and Thecidellina, have been already reported from the New Caledonian region, while four genera, Discradisca, Novocrania, Argyrotheca and Lacazella are the first records from this region. Additionally, Discradisca stella is the first discinid brachiopod recognized in the New Caledonia area. One new species is described, the megathyridid Argyrotheca neocaledonensis n. sp. The biogeographical affinities of the New Caledonia brachiopod faunas are briefly discussed.

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Section: Novocrania Reeveimentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Novocrania Reeveimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These two species differ, however, in the character of the ribs, which are distinctly granular and more widely spaced in D. indica (Cooper, 1973b;Bitner et al, 2008a).…”

Section: Lingula Anatina Lamarck 1801 Fig 2cmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Novocrania Reeveimentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Novocrania Reeveimentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biodiversity of shallow-water brachiopods from New Caledonia, SW Pacific, with description of a new species

Bitner¹

2010

Sci. Mar.

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Linking micromorphism, brooding, and hermaphroditism in brachiopods: Insights from Caribbean Argyrotheca (Brachiopoda)

Kaulfuss

Seidel

Lüter

2013

Journal of Morphology

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In extant brachiopods, parental brooding of the larvae occurs exclusively within Rhynchonelliformea. Methods of larval protection range from simple retention of the larvae within the mantle cavity, to sophisticated brood care within highly specialized brood pouches found in Argyrotheca and Joania (Terebratulida, Megathyridoidea), Gwynia (Terebratulida, Gwynioidea), and all Thecideoidea (Thecideida). Previous studies on the reproductive biology of Argyrotheca yielded contrasting results on the epithelial origin of the brood pouches in this genus. Here, representatives of different species of Argyrotheca from the Belize Barrier Reef were examined using histological section series. Brood pouches of four species, A. cf. schrammi and Argyrotheca sp. 1-3, are of the same basic structure, formed by invaginations of the anterior body wall and connected to the visceral cavity via the metanephridia. The same four species are simultaneously hermaphroditic, suggesting that fertilization is achieved, at least partly, through selfing. One species, Argyrotheca rubrocostata, differs significantly from all others as it has no brood pouch and gonochoric gonads. Thus, the presence of brood pouches and simultaneous hermaphroditism are concluded to be correlated within Megathyridoidea and proposed to be homologous traits of Joania and several but not all species of Argyrotheca, questioning the monophyletic status of both genera. In contrast to the brood pouches of Thecideoidea, lophophoral epithelium is not involved in the formation of the pouches of Argyrotheca and Joania. Therefore, megathyridoid and thecideoid brood pouches are not homologous but evolved independently within rhynchonelliform brachiopods. All brachiopods with brood pouches share a micromorphic form and a short life span, limiting the space and time available for gamete and larval development. We suggest that the brood pouches and the hermaphroditic gonads of Argyrotheca spp. and Joania compensate these limitations by minimizing the loss of gametes and larvae, and by maximizing the chances of successful fertilization.

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Origin and Early Evolution of the Metazoa

Lipps¹,

Signor²

1992

Topics in Geobiology

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PrefaceSeveral years ago, we realized that the most prominent ideas that had been expressed about the origin and early evolution of the Metazoa seemed to have been developed chiefly by zoologists using evidence from modern species without reference to the fossil record. Paleontologists had, in fact, put forth their own ideas about the problem, but the zoological and the paleontological evidence were seldom considered together, especially by zoologists. We believed that the paleontological documentation of the first Metazoa was too scattered, too obscure to Western readers, and much of it too recent to have been readily available to our colleagues in zoology. Whether or not that was entirely true, we thought that a single volume reviewing the fossil record of the earliest Metazoa would be useful to many in both paleontology and zoology, especially since so much new information has been developed in the last few years. Some of this information has been summarized in general articles recently, but an overview of most of the field does not exist.We therefore organized this book in five parts so that the evidence could be placed in perspective and summarized and inferences made from it. Part I introduces the previous hypotheses that have been proposed for the origin and early radiation of Metazoa. Part II consists of two summary chapters that set the sedimentological, geochemical, and biological background to the known radiations of Metazoa. Part III deals with the earliest known Metazoa, those of the Vendian Period, ranging in age from about 550 to 580 million years or so. These faunas are represented chiefly by soft-bodied or trace fossils. Part IV considers the early evolution of Metazoa from a geographical and systematic perspective. Three chapters summarize the occurrence of Early Cambrian fossils in three critical, welldocumented areas of the world. Each of these areas is so important in a worldwide context that each was considered to be the area where the stratotype of the Precambrian-Cambrian boundary might be established. Of course, other areas exist where Precambrian to Early Cambrian fossils occur, and these three chapters make reference to the other critical regions as well. Four chapters are chiefly systematic, dealing with four of the major phyla that radiated in the Early Cambrian. Part V examines general hypotheses about the origin and radiation of Metazoa based on the fossil record. The origin of skeletons is a most critical issue in deciphering the early radiation of Metazoa because skeletons are more easily preserved in the geological record, they appear to have been acquired in many disparate groups at about the same time, and they may have conferred an evolutionary advantage that promoted the radiation itself.Not all the chapters in this book present new information-in each case, they are summaries of a considerable body of detailed and dispersed knowledge. Some chapters include new information, and all provide new interpretations. So much information is available, in fact, that many other chapter...

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New Brachiopoda from the Indian Ocean

Cited by 31 publications

References 2 publications

Biodiversity of shallow-water brachiopods from New Caledonia, SW Pacific, with description of a new species

Biodiversity of shallow-water brachiopods from New Caledonia, SW Pacific, with description of a new species

Linking micromorphism, brooding, and hermaphroditism in brachiopods: Insights from Caribbean Argyrotheca (Brachiopoda)

Origin and Early Evolution of the Metazoa

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