New approach to nuclear binding energy in integrated nuclear model

Abstract

The outbreak of the disease and infection in the hospital environment and medical equipment is one of the concerns of modern life. One of the effective ways for preventing and reducing the complications of infections is modification of the surface. Here, the handmade atmospheric plasma spray system is used for accumulating copper as an antibacterial agent on the 316L stainless steel substrate, which applies to hospital environment and medical equipment. As a durable coating with proper adhesion is needed on the substrate, the effect of stand-off distance (SOD) which is an important parameter of the spray on the microstructure, the hardness and adhesion of the copper coating on the 316L stainless steel were investigated. The structure and phase composition of copper depositions were investigated using scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The adhesion and hardness of depositions are evidenced using the cross cut tester and Vickers hardness tester, respectively. The findings confirm that the voids in the coatings increase with increasing SOD, which leads to decreasing the hardness of coatings and also the adhesion strength between depositions and substrate. In addition, by increasing the SOD, the oxygen content and the size of grains in the lamellae (fine structure) of coatings also increase.

New Statistical Methods for Systematizing the Nuclei Fission Fragments: Post-Scission Approach

“…The binding energies used in Eq. (3) are tabulated in [28], their extrapolation (mass formula) is given, for example, in [29][30][31].…”

“…• the most complete sets {A j , Z j } that contains all, from the ultra short-lived to long-lived and practically unobserved nucleons. The parameters of such sets as spectrum {ε i } can be evaluated only on the basis of the mass formula [29][30][31]; • the observable nuclei sets {A j , Z j } that contain observable and tabulated nucleus fragments, e.g. in Ref.…”

To unite nuclear and sub-nuclear strong interactions

“…Based on the new integrated model proposed by N. Ghahramany et al [10][11][12] and with reference to relation (7), it is possible to show that, for Based on this strange and simple relation and with reference to our recent publications [8], [9], close to the beta stability line, numerically it is possible to show that, …”

“…In this new direction, we have developed interesting concepts and produced many semi empirical relations [7][8][9]. Even though it is in its budding stage, our model seems to be simple and realistic compared to the new integrated model proposed by N. Ghahramany et al [10][11][12]. It needs further study at a fundamental level.…”

To fit Fermi’s weak coupling constant with three gravitational constants

“…Based on the new integrated model proposed by N. Ghahramany et al [18] and with reference to relation (26), for …”