Neutrophils Actively Contribute to Obesity-Associated Inflammation and Pathological Complications

Uribe‐Querol, Eileen; Rosales, Carlos

doi:10.3390/cells11121883

Cited by 35 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 245 publications

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“…Furthermore, the humoral immune response is defective in obese individuals, and B lymphocytes in obese individuals express a proinflammatory phenotype that reduces their ability to optimally respond to infection (44). Obesity or high-fat diets modify the composition of the gut microbiota and increase intestinal permeability, leading to the passage of bacteria and bacterial produc ts (e.g., lipopolysaccharides, LPS) across the intestinal barrier into the circulation, which can activate innate immune cells and immune signaling pathways and contribute to inflammation formation (2,44,(60)(61)(62)(63). In addition, a high-fat diet increases the proportion of gramnegative bacteria, further promoting the absorption of LPS across the intestinal barrier (60, 64).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The causal relationship between obesity and skin and soft tissue infections: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study

Mei

et al. 2022

Front. Endocrinol.

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ObjectiveMany observational studies have shown that obesity strongly affects skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs). However, whether a causal genetic relationship exists between obesity and SSTIs is unclear.MethodsA two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study was used to explore whether obesity is causally associated with SSTIs using a publicly released genome-wide association study (GWAS). An inverse-variance weighted (IVW) analysis was used as the primary analysis, and the results are reported as the odds ratios (ORs). Heterogeneity was tested using Cochran’s Q test and the I2 statistic, and horizontal pleiotropy was tested using the MR−Egger intercept and MR pleiotropy residual sum and outlier (MR-PRESSO).ResultsThe results of the MR analysis showed a positive effect of BMI on SSTIs (OR 1.544, 95% CI 1.399-1.704, P= 5.86 × 10-18). After adjusting for the effect of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and peripheral vascular disease (PVD), the positive effect still existed. Then, we further assessed the effect of BMI on different types of SSTIs. The results showed that BMI caused an increased risk of impetigo, cutaneous abscess, furuncle and carbuncle, cellulitis, pilonidal cyst, and other local infections of skin and subcutaneous tissues, except for acute lymphadenitis. However, the associations disappeared after adjusting for the effect of T2D and PVD, and the associations between BMI and impetigo or cellulitis disappeared. Finally, we assessed the effects of several obesity-related characteristics on SSTIs. Waist circumference, hip circumference, body fat percentage, and whole-body fat mass, excluding waist-to-hip ratio, had a causal effect on an increased risk of SSTIs. However, the associations disappeared after adjusting for the effect of BMI.ConclusionThis study found that obesity had a positive causal effect on SSTIs. Reasonable weight control is a possible way to reduce the occurrence of SSTIs, especially in patients undergoing surgery.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The causal relationship between obesity and skin and soft tissue infections: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study

Mei

et al. 2022

Front. Endocrinol.

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“…Alterations of peripheral innate immune function were documented in individuals with obesity without an infection, mainly, characterized by non-classical monocytes 19 , NK cells with impaired cytotoxic and imbalanced expression of activating and inhibiting receptors 20 , and increased N/L ratio with a predominance of in ammatory activity by neutrophils compared to non-obese individuals 21 . Accordingly, this present study revealed a distinct peripheral innate immune pro le in severe COVID-19 patients with obesity marked by lower circulating monocytes expressing high levels of suppressive PD-L1, higher frequency of peripheral NK cells, and HD neutrophils, the latter demonstrating an increased in ammatory activity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, this increase of NK cells in our population with obesity was strongly and positively associated with the N/L ratio. An increase in this severity biomarker indicates a higher in ammatory response and it is implicated not only in infection diseases 35 , but obesity-associated features may also affect the N/L ratio 21 . In COVID-19, NK cells function, measured by the expression of granzymes and perforins was in uenced by higher levels of IL-6 33,34 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity is associated with a distinct innate immune phenotype in severe COVID-19 patients

Resende

Oliveira

Franca

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Background/Objectives: Obesity is a chronic inflammatory disease that may impair immunity against SARS-Cov-2 in severe disease states. This study investigated whether the innate immune compartment is associated with obesity in severe COVID-19.Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled twenty-seven ICU COVID-19 patients that were assigned to obese (BMI≥30 kg/m², n=9) and non-obese (BMI<30kg/m², n=18) groups. Thirteen non-obese healthy adults composed the control group. Monocytes, NK, and both Low-Density (LD) and High-Density (HD) neutrophils were isolated from peripheral blood samples and analyzed by flow cytometry to evaluate the frequency and expression patterns of surface receptors associated with innate immune effector responses. sTREM-1 and IL-6 levels from patients’ sera were quantified by ELISA. Results: The frequency of monocytes was negatively correlated with BMI, while NK and neutrophils were positively associated (p<0.05). A reduction of peripheral monocytes was observed in obese patients, and these cells showed a higher expression of PD-L1 than non-obese (p=0.04). HLA-DR expression on CD14+ monocytes was negatively associated with BMI (p=0.03) and total leukocytes (p=0.005). Patients with obesity also demonstrated a higher frequency of NK cells (p=0.01) and a hyperactivated phenotype (CD16+CD182+TREM-1+) in HD neutrophils (p=0.01). This phenotype was positively correlated with total leukocytes (p=0.01) and negatively correlated with the total numbers of HLA-DR+ monocytes in obese group (p=0.001). An increased expression of CD16 (p=0.01) and TREM-1+ (p=0.005) on mature HD neutrophils was detected in obese patients. In this group, CD16 was negatively correlated with IL-6 levels (p=0.03) and TREM-1+ positively correlated with PD-L1 on neutrophils (p=0.03). Furthermore, sTREM-1 levels correlated with PD-L1 of monocytes and LD neutrophils (p=0.02). Finally, aging may exacerbate cytotoxic and suppressive activity. Conclusion: Our data support that obesity differentially affected innate immune response in severe COVID-19 and highlight immune markers that should be further investigated as predictors for monitoring treatment in severe patients with comorbidities.

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“…That is to say, BMI is directly related to WBC counts. This can be ascribed to the fact that obesity can cause an inflammatory condition in the body [19]. Adipose tissue has been shown to increase the production of granulocytes in bone marrow by releasing inflammatory cytokines, such as TNFα, as well as interleukins 1 and 8 [20].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Blood Cells Parameters and Complete Blood Count in Diabetic Patients: A Cross-sectional Study

Foroutan

Nassaji²,

Oruji³

2022

JAMPS

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Background and Aim: Diabetes is a type of metabolic disorder characterized by increased blood glucose, which is due to insulin resistance, insulin deficiency, or both. Changes in blood cell parameters in diabetes are controversial. The present study aimed to assess the blood cell parameters in diabetic patients compared to healthy individuals. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 540 cases (270 diabetic patients and 270 healthy individuals) over 20 years old who were referred to the clinics affiliated to Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran, in 2018. The complete blood count (CBC) parameters were assessed in both groups, and demographic information was also collected via questionnaires. All the analyses were performed in SPSS software (version 22). Results: In terms of gender, the majority of participants (61.2%) were female. The white blood cell (WBC) count in diabetic patients was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.001), and the hemoglobin (HGB) level was significantly lower in diabetic patients (P=0.009). There was no significant difference in the level of other indices between diabetic and control groups. There was a significant difference between the gender of diabetic patients in HGB, red blood cell (RBC) count, and platelets (PLT) (P<0.001). Moreover, HBG and RBC were less in patients with longer diabetes duration (P<0.001). Conclusion: The obtained results pointed to a statistically significant difference in some hematological parameters of diabetic patients compared to non-diabetic individuals. More studies are needed to clarify the causal relationship between diabetes and these indices.

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Neutrophils Actively Contribute to Obesity-Associated Inflammation and Pathological Complications

Cited by 35 publications

References 245 publications

The causal relationship between obesity and skin and soft tissue infections: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study

The causal relationship between obesity and skin and soft tissue infections: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study

Obesity is associated with a distinct innate immune phenotype in severe COVID-19 patients

Comparison of Blood Cells Parameters and Complete Blood Count in Diabetic Patients: A Cross-sectional Study

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