Neutrophil hyperactivation correlates with Alzheimer's disease progression

Abstract

Our results indicate that the inflammatory properties of circulating neutrophils shift as the percentage of aged neutrophils expands in patients with AD-changes that may play an instrumental role in establishing systemic chronic inflammation. Most important, our data strongly suggest that the neutrophil phenotype may be associated with the rate of cognitive decline and may thus constitute an innovative and prognostic blood biomarker in patients with AD. Ann Neurol 2018;83:387-405.

Targeting Neutrophils to Treat Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Coronavirus Disease

“…Neutrophil inflammatory responses may be considered a double-edged sword; although they protect against infection, they also cause severe tissue damage. Activated neutrophils are involved in many acute and chronic inflammatory diseases as well as autoimmune disorders, such as respiratory diseases (ARDS, COPD, and asthma), cardiovascular diseases (atherosclerosis and thrombosis) ( Németh et al, 2020 ), gastrointestinal diseases (inflammatory bowel disease and autoimmune hepatitis) ( Honda and Kubes, 2018 ), neurological diseases (multiple sclerosis and Alzheimer’s disease) ( Dong et al, 2018 ; Woodberry et al, 2018 ), skin diseases (psoriasis and Behçet’s disease) ( Safi et al, 2018 ; Chiang et al, 2019 ), and metabolic diseases (diabetes mellitus and obesity) ( Talukdar et al, 2012 ; Brotfain et al, 2015 ).…”

A peripheral neutrophil-related inflammatory factor predicts a decline in executive function in mild Alzheimer’s disease

“…Neutrophils are involved in inflammation, pathogen clearance via phagocytosis, generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) via myeloperoxidase activity, and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) [4]. Neutrophil activation and related oxidative stress have been associated with AD pathology in humans [5][6][7]. Evidence from clinical and animal studies suggests that neutrophils may translocate to and co-localize with the cerebral blood vessels and amyloid plaques within the brain parenchyma [8][9][10][11].…”

“…While that study did not observe a statistically significant increased risk of developing AD, it did not assess the relationships between neutrophils and changes in sensitive cognitive measures over time in people with AD. Recently, Dong et al reported correlations between different neutrophil activity parameters with change in MMSE score [6], while another study showed associations between expression of CD11b, an adhesion molecule found on neutrophils, with measures of mental impairment, and disease progression measured by the Token Test, but not with disease progression measured by the MMSE, in patients with AD [17].…”

Mast cells and neutrophils mediate peripheral motor pathway degeneration in ALS

“…Neutrophils are polymorphonuclear leu kocytes generated in the bone marrow from myeloid precursors (22). These cells have recently been implicated as potent cytotoxic effectors in neurodegenerative pathologies such as Alzheimer's disease (23)(24)(25). In skeletal muscle, neutrophils are recognized by their role in mediating myofiber damage and atrophy in physiological or pathological conditions (26,27).…”