2017
DOI: 10.1001/jamaoto.2017.1320
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Neutrophil Extracellular Traps and Fibrin in Otitis Media

Abstract: In acute and recurrent otitis media, fibrin and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are part of the host inflammatory response to bacterial infection. In the early stages of otitis media the host defense system uses fibrin to entrap bacteria, and NETs function to eliminate bacteria. In chronic otitis media, fibrin and NETs appear to persist.

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Cited by 9 publications
(12 citation statements)
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“…In human temporal bones with different types of OM, a large number of bacteria or their aggregates were observed in association with host fibrous structures identified by immunohistochemical analysis as fibrin fibers or DNA-containing NETs. Presence of fibrin fibers and NETs was also reported in experimental animal models (4,7,(20)(21)(22) and human temporal bones FIG. 2.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 57%
“…In human temporal bones with different types of OM, a large number of bacteria or their aggregates were observed in association with host fibrous structures identified by immunohistochemical analysis as fibrin fibers or DNA-containing NETs. Presence of fibrin fibers and NETs was also reported in experimental animal models (4,7,(20)(21)(22) and human temporal bones FIG. 2.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 57%
“…The immobilization of pathogens by NETs also facilitates local phagocytosis 10 . In the context of pneumococcal infection, NET formation was first identified in the lungs during pneumococcal pneumonia, 11 in the middle ear during pneumococcal otitis media, 12 and in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) during S pneumoniae meningitis 13 . However, it is not known whether NETs form within the brain during bacterial meningitis.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…It is important to note that only viable cells were included in the enumeration of immune cell populations by flow cytometry and that these numbers likely underrepresent the total immune cell infiltration, due to cell death pathways (i.e., NETosis or necrosis), and this may explain discrepancies between scarce counts of early recruiting neutrophils, which did not correlate to increased expression of MPO or ELANE in the middle ear of infected animals at 2 day post infection. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are an important part of the immune response to bacterial infection and are present within the infected middle ears of chinchillas and humans (Schachern et al, 2017). Multiple stains of NTHi have been shown to activate neutrophil response and induce the release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%