Neutralization of local and systemic toxicity of Daboia russelii venom by Morus alba plant leaf extract

Abstract

Antivenom therapy is the current best therapy available for the treatment of fatal snake envenomation. However, the antivenom offers less or no protection against local effects such as extensive edema, hemorrhage, dermo-, myonecrosis and inflammation at the envenomed region. Viperidae snakes are highly known for their violent local effects and such effects have been commonly treated with plant extracts without any scientific validation in rural India. In this investigation Morus alba plant leaf extract has been studied against the Indian Vipera/Daboia russelii venom induced local and systemic effects. The extract completely abolished the in vitro proteolytic and hyaluronolytic activities of the venom. Edema, hemorrhage and myonecrotic activities were also neutralized efficiently. In addition, the extract partially inhibited the pro-coagulant activity and completely abolished the degradation of Aalpha chain of human fibrinogen. Thus, the extract processes potent antisnake venom property, especially against the local and systemic effects of Daboia russelii venom.

Phosphodiesterase from Daboia russelli russelli venom: Purification, partial characterization and inhibition of platelet aggregation

“…Many plants components have been used as folk and traditional medicine as active ingredient against snakebites (Soares et al, 2005;Bhattacharjee and Bhattacharyya, 2013a, b). Venoms from viperidae snakes (D. russelli russelli) cause several local effects that are commonly treated with plant extracts without any scientific validation in tribal areas of India (Chandrashekara et al, 2009;Harsha et al, 2002Harsha et al, , 2003. Preliminary screening of some medicinal plant roots extract towards inhibition of DR-PDE was done.…”

Antihaemorrhagic potentials ofFagonia creticaagainstNaja naja karachiensis(black Pakistan cobra) venom

“…Moreover, it is ineffective in protecting venom-induced haemorrhage, necrosis, nephrotoxicity and local tissue damage. Further, antisera development is a tedious, costly and time-consuming process and requires strict storage conditions (Chandrashekara, Nagaraju, Nandini, Basavaiah, & Kemparaju, 2009;Mahadeswaraswamy, Nagaraju, Girish, & Kemparaju, 2008). Due to these difficulties in antiserum therapy, many medicinal plants have been recommended for treating snake bites (R. Chopra, Nayar, & I. Chopra, 1956).…”

Grape seed extract neutralizes the effects of Cerastes cerastes cerastes post-synaptic neurotoxin in mouse diaphragm

“…Antivenom development is time consuming, expensive, and requires ideal storage conditions (Gutiérrez et al, 1998;León et al, 2000), and therefore, alternative therapies are in demand (Mahadeswaraswamy et al, 2009). For ages, plants were used to antagonize the toxic effects of snake venom, but this has lately gained growing scientific attention (Mors et al, 2000;Asuzu and Harvey, 2003;Borges et al, 2005;da Silva et al, 2005;Ode and Asuzu, 2006;Vale et al, 2008;Mahadeswaraswamy et al, 2008Mahadeswaraswamy et al, , 2009Chandrashekara et al, 2009;Tan et al, 2009;Assafim et al, 2011;Fung et al, 2010Fung et al, , 2011.…”