Neutralization of lethal and myotoxic activities of South American rattlesnake venom by extracts and constituents of the plant Eclipta prostrata (Asteraceae)

Mors, Walter B.; Nascimento, Maria Célia do; Parente, José Paz; Silva, M H da; Melo, Paulo A.; Suarez‐Kurtz, Guilherme

doi:10.1016/0041-0101(89)90151-7

Cited by 166 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Mors et al . obtained excellent results showing that wedelolactone from E. alba inhibits the myotoxic and neurotoxic effects of Crotalus durissus terrificus venom [10]. Melo et al .…”

mentioning

confidence: 90%

Inhibition of Snake Venoms and Phospholipases A₂ by Extracts from Native and Genetically Modified Eclipta alba: Isolation of Active Coumestans

Diogo

Fernandes

Marcussi

et al. 2009

Basic Clin Pharma Tox

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Abstract:We genetically modified Eclipta alba using Agrobacterium rhizogenes LBA 9402, with the aim of producing secondary metabolites with pharmacological properties against phospholipase A 2 and the myotoxic activities of snake venom. Extracts from in natura aerial parts and roots, both native and genetically modified ( in vitro ), were prepared and analysed by high-performance liquid chromatography. In natura materials showed the coumestan wedelolactone at higher concentration in the aerial parts, while demethylwedelolactone appeared at higher concentration in roots. Among the modified roots, clone 19 showed higher concentrations of these coumestans. Our results show that the in natura extracts of plants collected from Botucatu and Ribeirão Preto were efficient in inhibiting snake venom phospholipase A 2 activity. Regarding in vitro material, the best effect against Crotalus durissus terrificus venom was that of clone 19. Clone 19 and isolated coumestans (wedelolactone and demethylwedelolactone) inhibited the myotoxic activity induced by basic phospholipases A 2 isolated from the venoms of Crotalus durissus terrificus (CB) and Bothrops jararacussu (BthTX-I and II). The search for antivenom is justified by the need of finding active principles that are more efficient in neutralizing snake venoms and also as an attempt to complement serum therapy.Eclipta alba (L.) Hassk. (syn. Eclipta prostrata ), popularly known as dye weed and belonging to the Asteraceae family, is an annual herbaceous species [1]. Native to Brazil and other tropical and subtropical regions, this plant is a source of several secondary metabolites, such as polypeptides, polyacethylenes and triterpenes [2], flavonoids, phytosterols and coumestans [3].Coumestans represent an important class of natural oxygenated aromatic products, including wedelolactone and its demethylated form, demethylwedelolactone, both responsible for the main medicinal effects of Eclipta , such as its anti-hepatotoxic, anti-hypertensive, antitumor, antiphospholipase A 2 and antidote activities against snake venoms [2,4 -7].With the development of in vitro plant tissue cultures, it is possible to produce viable, economically valuable compounds [8]. Among the procedures for tissue culture, those for genetically modified plants have developed significantly, and the obtainment of transgenic plants is made by indirect modifications with a biological vector, such as Agrobacterium [9].Hundreds of plants have been related with anti-snake venom action, but only a few have been scientifically investigated [5][6][7] [11]. More recently, the potential antivenom property of wedelolactone against Calloselasma rhodostoma venom (by neutralizing isolated phospholipases A 2 and venom lethality) has been observed [12]. In this study, E. alba was genetically modified, aiming at the production of secondary metabolites of pharmacological interest, which were assayed against phospholipase A 2 and myotoxic activities of snake venoms and isolated toxins. Materials and MethodsAnimals, venoms and t...

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“…Mors et al . obtained excellent results showing that wedelolactone from E. alba inhibits the myotoxic and neurotoxic effects of Crotalus durissus terrificus venom [10]. Melo et al .…”

mentioning

confidence: 90%

Inhibition of Snake Venoms and Phospholipases A₂ by Extracts from Native and Genetically Modified Eclipta alba: Isolation of Active Coumestans

Diogo

Fernandes

Marcussi

et al. 2009

Basic Clin Pharma Tox

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“…Alcoholic extracts confer protection against snake venom (Mors et al 1989). It is antiinflammatory (Chandra et al 1987), a bronchodilator (Leal et al 2000) and antimycobacterial (Al-Shamma & Mitscher 1979).…”

Section: Eclipta False Daisy (E)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Indigenous Use and Ethnopharmacology of Medicinal Plants in Far-West Nepal

Kunwar

Uprety

Burlakoti

et al. 2009

Ethnobot. Res. App.

293

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Ethnopharmacological knowledge is common and import among tribal populations but much of the information is empirical at best lacking scientific validation. Despite widespread use of plant resources in traditional medicines, bioassay analysis of very few plant species have been conducted to investigate their medicinal properties, and to ascertain safety and efficacy of traditional remedies. The present study analyses indigenous uses of medicinal plants of far-west Nepal and compares with earlier ayurveda studies, phytochemical assessments and pharmacological actions. A field study was carried out in Baitadi and Darchula districts of far-west Nepal. Group discussions, informal meetings, questionnaire surveys and field observations were employed for primary data collection. Voucher specimens were collected with field notes and codes and deposited at Tribhuvan University Central Herbarium (TUCH), Kathmandu. Only 50% of species surveyed shared common uses with ayurvedic medicine. This implies that these herbal remedies are part of an independent health care system in the Nepal Himalaya, which is indigenous and influenced by ayurveda. The folk uses of some of the species were contradicting to those of ayurveda and phytochemical bioassays. A detailed phytochemical study on those species would be an important line of research. IntroductionMedicinal plants help in alleviating human suffering and are widely used for subsistence, home remedies, and trade (Kunwar et al. 2006). It is estimated that 70-80% of people worldwide rely on traditional herbal medicine to meet their primary health care needs (Farnsworth & Soejarto 1991). The ayurveda is an ancient traditional system of medicine with remedies for health and alleviation of illness. The acceptance of the ayurveda is gearing up and use of indigenous drugs of natural/plant origin is a maPublished: January 16, 2009 Ethnobotany Research & Applications 6www.ethnobotanyjournal.org/vol7/i1547-3465-07-005.pdf cuna pruriens (L.) DC. for Parkinson's disease, Commiphora as a hypolipidemic, Asclepias as cardiotonic, psoralens for vitiligo, curcumines for inflammation, baccoside for mental retention, picrosides for hepatoprotective, diosgenin for the synthesis of steroidal hormones, guggulsterons as hypolipidemic, piperidine as bioavailability enhancers, asarone as hallucinogenic, phyllanthins as anti-virals, withanolides and many other steroidal lactones and their glycosides as immunomodulators (Jain 1994, Patwardhan 2000. As an example, the sale of drugs derived from the plant Taxus The increasing use of traditional therapies demands more scientifically sound evidence for the principles behind therapies and for effectiveness of medicines (Patwardhan et al. 2005). The therapies are often criticized due to dearth of research, critical evaluation, in vivo studies and validations (Fong 2002, Houghton 1995 to support the safety of uses. At the same time, ethnopharmacological knowledge is percolating down these days among the tribal population. The present study, therefore aim...

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“…Una estrategia para identificar el o los metabolitos importantes es realizar fraccionamiento biodirigido del extracto completo de la planta, hasta llegar al compuesto puro, que finalmente se caracteriza mediante técnicas instrumentales (infrarrojo, resonancia magnética nuclear, espectrometría de masas, entre otras) [33][34][35][36]. Sin embargo, en la mayoría de los casos en los que se han identificado metabolitos, no se plantean hipótesis o descripciones sobre el mecanismo de acción de los inhibidores.…”

Section: Toxinas Provenientes De Venenos De Serpiente Como Blancos Teunclassified

Toxinas provenientes de venenos de serpiente: blancos terapéuticos, herramientas en investigación biomédica y agentes con potencial terapéutico

2014

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Neutralization of lethal and myotoxic activities of South American rattlesnake venom by extracts and constituents of the plant Eclipta prostrata (Asteraceae)

Cited by 166 publications

References 10 publications

Inhibition of Snake Venoms and Phospholipases A₂ by Extracts from Native and Genetically Modified Eclipta alba: Isolation of Active Coumestans

Inhibition of Snake Venoms and Phospholipases A₂ by Extracts from Native and Genetically Modified Eclipta alba: Isolation of Active Coumestans

Indigenous Use and Ethnopharmacology of Medicinal Plants in Far-West Nepal

Toxinas provenientes de venenos de serpiente: blancos terapéuticos, herramientas en investigación biomédica y agentes con potencial terapéutico

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Neutralization of lethal and myotoxic activities of South American rattlesnake venom by extracts and constituents of the plant Eclipta prostrata (Asteraceae)

Cited by 166 publications

References 10 publications

Inhibition of Snake Venoms and Phospholipases A2 by Extracts from Native and Genetically Modified Eclipta alba: Isolation of Active Coumestans

Inhibition of Snake Venoms and Phospholipases A2 by Extracts from Native and Genetically Modified Eclipta alba: Isolation of Active Coumestans

Indigenous Use and Ethnopharmacology of Medicinal Plants in Far-West Nepal

Toxinas provenientes de venenos de serpiente: blancos terapéuticos, herramientas en investigación biomédica y agentes con potencial terapéutico

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Inhibition of Snake Venoms and Phospholipases A₂ by Extracts from Native and Genetically Modified Eclipta alba: Isolation of Active Coumestans

Inhibition of Snake Venoms and Phospholipases A₂ by Extracts from Native and Genetically Modified Eclipta alba: Isolation of Active Coumestans