Neurovascular Latissimus Dorsi Free‐Flap Transfer for the Reconstruction of a Major Abdominal‐Wall Defect in a 13‐Month‐Old Child: Case Report

Microvascular Free Tissue Transfer for Head and Neck Reconstruction in Children

“…Microvascular free flap reconstruction of the pediatric abdominal wall has also been reported with good outcomes. 18 Early reports of free flap reconstruction in pediatric subjects with hemifacial microsomia, Tessier # 4 to 10 clefts, and Romberg's syndrome, however, showed limited success with a 45% failure rate. 19, 20 Parry et al 14 in 1988 reported the successful transfer of a free jejunal flap for esophageal reconstruction in a 4-year-old boy.…”

Recipient vessels for microsurgical flaps to the abdomen: A systematic review

“…The other causes included hernia (Berrevoet, Martens, Van Landuyt, & de Hemptinne, ; Ninković, Kronberger, Harpf, Rumer, & Anderl, ; Caffee, ), abdominal trauma (Hallock, ; Wong, Lin, Fu, & Fang, ; Servant, Arnault, Revol, & Danino, ; Kuo et al, ), infection (Gurunluoglu, Ghaznavi, Krpata, Zins, & Rosen, ; Deleyiannis Harry Deleyiannis & Harry, 2014; Kim et al, ; Hallock, ; Bulic, Dzepina, Mijatovic, & Unusic, ; Ninković, Kronberger, Harpf, Rumer, & Anderl, ; Sekido, Yamamoto, Sugihara, Nohira, & Shintomi, ; Chiu, ), and previous multiple abdominal surgeries (Koshima et al, ; Williams, Carlson, deChalain, Howell, & Coleman, ; Clement, Young, & Marsh, ). Congenital reasons (Hallock, ; Olvera‐Caballero & Victoria‐Morales, ) and radiation (Gurunluoglu, Ghaznavi, Krpata, Zins, & Rosen, ; Hallock, ; Penington, Theile, MacLeod, & Morrison, ; Clement, Young, & Marsh, ) have been rare indications.…”

“…The literature review showed that the latissimus dorsi (Bodin et al, ; Steffensen, Thomassen, Jensen, & Soerensen, ; Fejjal et al, ; Kim et al, ; Kadoch, Bodin, Himy, Bollecker, & Bruant‐Rodier, ; Bulic, Dzepina, Mijatovic, & Unusic, ; Servant, Arnault, Revol, & Danino, ; Ninković, Kronberger, Harpf, Rumer, & Anderl, ; Olvera‐Caballero & Victoria‐Morales, ; Neven, Shepherd, Tham, Fisher, & Breach, ; Clement, Young, & Marsh, ), tensor fascia latae (Grinsell, Di Bella, & Choong, ; Wong, Lin, Fu, & Fang, ; Tukiainen & Leppäniemi, ; Dorai & Halim, ; Chevray & Singh, ; Lyle, Gibbs, & Howdieshell, ; Williams, Carlson, deChalain, Howell, & Coleman, ; Penington, Theile, MacLeod, & Morrison, ; Sekido, Yamamoto, Sugihara, Nohira, & Shintomi, ; Chiu, ; Caffee, ), and the anterolateral thigh flap (Hahn, Lee, & Keith, ; Gurunluoglu, Ghaznavi, Krpata, Zins, & Rosen, ; Vallam, Bhagat, Shankhdhar, & Qureshi, ; Hallock, ; Kayano et al, ; Sinna, Gianfermi, Benhaim, Qassemyar, & Robbe, ; Berrevoet, Martens, Van Landuyt, & de Hemptinne, ; Wong, Lin, Fu, & Fang, ; Kuo et al, ; Kimata et al, ) either single or in combination (Lv et al, ; Wong, Lin, Fu, & Fang, ; Kimata et al, ; Sasaki, Nozaki, Nakazawa, Kikuchi, & Huang, ) have been useful and reliable microsurgical flaps comprising the majority of free tissue transfers in abdominal wall reconstruction. Conjoined flaps incorporating vastus lateralis and anterolateral thigh flap (Iida et al, ), or rectus femoris (Lin & Butler, ), or tensor fascia latae (Lin & Butler, ), were rarely employed.…”

“…Conjoined flaps incorporating vastus lateralis and anterolateral thigh flap (Iida et al, ), or rectus femoris (Lin & Butler, ), or tensor fascia latae (Lin & Butler, ), were rarely employed. Functional muscle transfers reinnervating the rectus femoris (Koshima et al, ), vastus lateralis (Iida et al, ), latissimus dorsi (Ninković, Kronberger, Harpf, Rumer, & Anderl, ; Olvera‐Caballero & Victoria‐Morales, ), and tensor fascia latae (Sasaki, Nozaki, Nakazawa, Kikuchi, & Huang, ) have been successful in select patients.…”

Neurovascular Transfer Does Not Cause Skeletal Muscle Fiber Degeneration

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] A significant factor limiting the application of this technique to relatively few clinical circumstances is the observation that, in both clinical and experimental studies, a force deficit is almost always observed in muscles that have been subjected to neurovascular transfer. 3,[13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] The mechanisms responsible for muscle mechanical dysfunction after neurovascular transfer have not been fully determined.…”