Neurotrophic factors in bipolar disorders patients with manic episode

Abstract

Background/aim: Neurotrophins are one of the most important molecule groups affecting cerebral neuroplasticity. The amount of evidence about the role of changes in neuroplasticity in the pathophysiology of bipolar disease is growing. Materials and methods: We measured serum levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), nerve growth factor (NGF), neurotrophin-3 (NT-3), glial cell-line derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-2, neuritin 1 (Nrn 1) in bipolar 1 manic episode patients (n = 45) and healthy control group. Results: When controlled for age, BMI and cortisol, it was found that the serum levels of BDNF, NGF, NT-3, VEGF and FGF-2 of bipolar manic episode patients were not statistically different compared to those of the control group. GDNF level and Nrn 1 levels were significantly lower (P = 0.003 and P = 0.025 respectively) while IGF-1 levels were significantly higher than the control group (P = 0.0001). ROC analysis was performed and the area under the the curve was calculated as 0.737, 0.766 for GDNF, IGF-1 respectively. Conclusion: The changes in the levels of GDNF, IGF-1 and Nrn 1 might be involved in pathopysiology of bipolar disorder, and GDNF, IGF-1 may be considered as state markers in bipolar manic episode.

Plasma IGFBP-3 and IGFBP-5 levels are decreased during acute manic episodes in bipolar disorder patients

“…Regarding treatment type, IGF-1 levels were not different between BD patients treated either with lithium or valproic acid ( Tuncel et al, 2020 ) or other drugs ( Kim et al, 2013 ). Notably, it has been shown in a lymphoblastoid cell line that the IGF-1 gene was overexpressed in BD-I patients who were lithium responders in contrast to both controls and non-responders ( Squassina et al, 2013 ).…”

“…IGF-1 gene expression was significantly decreased in the subependymal zone in BD patients ( Weissleder et al, 2021 ). Other studies evaluated the plasma levels of IGF-1 as a potential biomarker in BD patients ( Palomino et al, 2013 ; Kim et al, 2013 ; Liu et al, 2014 ; da Silva et al, 2017 ; Tuncel et al, 2020 ). One study conducted in Spain found that there was no significant difference in IGF-1 levels between first-psychotic episode BD patients and controls neither at baseline nor after 1, 6, and 12 months of treatment ( Palomino et al, 2013 ).…”

“…Later on, higher IGF-1 serum levels were found in BDI patients during a manic episode ( Liu et al, 2014 ; Tuncel et al, 2020 ) and during euthymia ( da Silva et al, 2017 ), meaning that this increase might not be just a state manic-dependent aspect but a more general trait condition in BD patients. Two different meta-analyses based on the above-mentioned studies concluded that IGF-1 peripheral levels are significantly increased in BD patients.…”

Protein Plasma Levels of the IGF Signalling System Are Altered in Major Depressive Disorder

“…However, to the best of our knowledge, there is no literature available on IGF-2 peripheral levels in major depressive disorders involving human samples. In contrast, peripheral IGF-1 has received far more attention in the last few decades, not just in depression [38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49], but also in other mental conditions such as schizophrenia [29,[49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56] and bipolar disorder [57][58][59][60][61][62]. On the other hand, circulating IGFBPs have been less widely studied than their ligand counterparts in the field of psychiatry, and always in a context of their IGF-dependent actions [29][30][31][32]38,55,[63][64][65].…”

Neurotrophin-3 gene polymorphism in schizophrenia and its relation with diseases severity and cognitive dysfunction

“…[ 7 ] NT-3 is known to play a role in developing several neuropsychiatric conditions such as bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and depression. [ 4 , 6 , 8 ] NT-3 is considered a potential candidate gene in schizophrenia and reduced mRNA levels of NT-3 have been reported by earlier studies. [ 9 ] The NT-3 gene is positioned on chromosome 12p13.…”