“…In Lepidoptera the major release site for NSM appears to be the CA-CC complex, although earlier studies pointed to CA as the primary release site (Nishiitsutsuji-Uwo, 1961;Mitsuhashi, 1963;Ym & Chippendale, 1979 b Meóla & Meóla, 1983), whereas in another bombycoid, Mimas tiliae (Sphingidae) the CC is the major site of release, and the same applies to Pier is rapae (Papilionoidea-Pieridae), Tyria jacobaeae and Hyphantria cunea (Noctuoidea-Arctiidae) (Highnam, 1958;Kono, 1973; Melnikova & Panov, 1975;Philogène & Massalski, 1976). The CC nerves themselves can be release sites, since many varicose terminal branches have been identified running into the aorta (Copenhaver & Truman, 1986;Ichikawa, 1991).…”