Neuroretinitis: a clinical syndrome of cat-scratch disease

Monahan, Susan Rost

doi:10.1016/s0953-4431(00)00043-6

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The diagnosis of CSD was discovered after an extensive workup that included diagnostic testing for toxic, metabolic, autoimmune, and infectious etiologies. This was an unusual presentation of CSD, as 80% of CSD cases occur in patients aged 21 years and younger . Only a handful of other CSD cases have been reported in previously healthy adults .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…The pathophysiology between CSD and NORSE is unknown. There are several theories of the pathophysiology of CSD encephalopathy, which include direct penetration, neurotoxins, and vasculitis secondary to an immune response . There is little evidence on the treatment of neurologic disorders secondary to CSD, and results of antimicrobial therapy for CSD are inconsistent .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Oral doxycycline 100 mg and rifampin 300 mg twice daily were started for a 14‐day course on hospital day 25. Although the rifampin may have interacted with some of her antiepileptics, doxycycline and rifampin were chosen due to their successful use described in the literature for treatment of neuroretinitis caused by Bartonella . The decision to use the oral route and the shorter course of 14 days were based on the patient's significant clinical improvement at the time of initiation of antibiotics.…”

Section: Case Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among the majority of the population, the resulting symptoms are self‐limiting . Typical clinical presentation includes the development of one or more small, reddish‐brown, erythematous papules, pustules, macules, vesicles, or ulcers at the infection site, along with lymphadenopathy . CSD is most common in children and young adults under the age of 21 years .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Typical clinical presentation includes the development of one or more small, reddish‐brown, erythematous papules, pustules, macules, vesicles, or ulcers at the infection site, along with lymphadenopathy . CSD is most common in children and young adults under the age of 21 years . Neurologic complications in CSD are rare; however, several cases of encephalopathy secondary to CSD have been reported .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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New‐Onset Refractory Status Epilepticus in an Adult with an Atypical Presentation of Cat‐Scratch Disease: Successful Treatment with High‐Dose Corticosteroids

et al. 2015

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New-onset refractory status epilepticus (NORSE) is defined as a sudden onset of refractory status epilepticus in patients who do not have a history of epilepsy. It is a neurologic emergency, and determining the underlying etiology is an important factor for effectively managing and predicting the prognosis of NORSE. We describe the case of a 28-year-old woman who was hospitalized with NORSE secondary to an unknown etiology. She did not respond to traditional anticonvulsant therapy, including benzodiazepines, fosphenytoin, propofol, and levetiracetam. The patient was placed on continuous electroencephalography (EEG) monitoring and was treated further with multiple antiepileptics, which were titrated aggressively based on EEG readings and therapeutic drug levels; despite this treatment, EEG monitoring revealed continued seizures. Thus, high-dose corticosteroids were started for seizure control. Her workup included computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging of the head, a lumbar puncture, toxicology screening, and extensive testing for multiple infectious and inflammatory etiologies. The patient's history revealed recent exposure to a new cat. Serologic results were positive for Bartonella henselae, and she was diagnosed with cat-scratch disease (CSD). She did not have the typical presentation of symptoms of lymphadenopathy, however, which is common in CSD. Doxycycline 100 mg and rifampin 300 mg twice daily were added to the patient's anticonvulsant and corticosteroid therapy. She was hospitalized for a total of 26 days and discharged with only minor neurologic impairment (short-term memory deficits and minor cognitive problems). The patient was discharged receiving antiepileptics, antibiotics, and a corticosteroid taper. To our knowledge, this is the first clinically known case of NORSE secondary to CSD without typical CSD symptoms in the adult population. The patient failed to respond to traditional anticonvulsant therapy alone. With the addition of high-dose corticosteroids to aggressive anticonvulsant therapy, seizure control was achieved. Further studies are needed to determine the effectiveness of high-dose corticosteroid and anticonvulsant therapy followed by antibiotics in patients with NORSE secondary to CSD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Case Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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New‐Onset Refractory Status Epilepticus in an Adult with an Atypical Presentation of Cat‐Scratch Disease: Successful Treatment with High‐Dose Corticosteroids

et al. 2015

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Une forme atypique d’atteinte oculaire dans la maladie de la griffe du chat

Barreau¹,

Buil²,

Tabouret

et al. 2016

Journal Français d'Ophtalmologie

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Imaging of Cat Scratch Disease

Amin¹,

Sharma²,

Rajderkar³

2018

Contemporary Diagnostic Radiology

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Cat scratch disease is caused by the inoculation of Bartonella henselae, a gram-negative bacterium, by either a bite or a scratch from an insect or a cat, and it most frequently occurs in adolescence. Cat scratch disease most commonly presents with fever, headache, fatigue, and tender regional lymphadenopathy that subsides in several weeks, with or without antibiotics. However, in 5% to 10% of patients, cat scratch disease may disseminate to involve multiple organ systems and mimic more serious systemic conditions both clinically and radiologically, requiring a more in-depth investigation.1 This article presents the common and rare imaging features of regional and multiorgan cat scratch disease using a multimodality imaging approach. We highlight key characteristics so that they may become more recognizable to the radiologist.

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Neuroretinitis: a clinical syndrome of cat-scratch disease

Cited by 8 publications

References 11 publications

New‐Onset Refractory Status Epilepticus in an Adult with an Atypical Presentation of Cat‐Scratch Disease: Successful Treatment with High‐Dose Corticosteroids

New‐Onset Refractory Status Epilepticus in an Adult with an Atypical Presentation of Cat‐Scratch Disease: Successful Treatment with High‐Dose Corticosteroids

Une forme atypique d’atteinte oculaire dans la maladie de la griffe du chat

Imaging of Cat Scratch Disease

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