Neuropsychological test usage.

Butler, Michelle; Retzlaff, Paul D.; Vanderploeg, Rodney D.

doi:10.1037/0735-7028.22.6.510

Cited by 155 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Assessment issues also have been characterized including approaches to battery construction, cognitive domains assessed, and length of time allocated to testing, scoring, and interpretation/report writing (see Rabin et al, 2005). In terms of basic test usage, researchers have reported on the most commonly used instruments (Butler, Retzlaff, & Vanderploeg, 1991;Camara, Nathan, & Puente, 2000;Rabin et al, 2005), as well as those utilized for specific purposes such as forensic evaluations (Lees-Haley et al, 1996) or within the broad cognitive areas (i.e., memory, attention, executive functioning; Rabin et al, 2005). Recent surveys by Slick et al (2004) and Sharland and Gfeller (2007) have focused on measures used to assess effort, malingering, and/or response bias.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Survey of Neuropsychologists' Practices and Perspectives Regarding the Assessment of Judgment Ability

Rabin

Borgos

Saykin

2008

Applied Neuropsychology

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Judgment is an important aspect of cognitive and real-world functioning that is commonly assessed during neuropsychological evaluations. This study utilized a brief, online survey to examine neuropsychologists' practices and perspectives regarding available judgment instruments. Participants (n=290, 17% response rate) were randomly selected members of the International Neuropsychological Society and the National Academy of Neuropsychology. Respondents rankordered the following issues that should be incorporated into assessments of judgment (from most to least important): safety, ability to perform activities of daily living, and problem solving/ decision making about medical, financial, social/ethical, and legal matters. A majority of respondents reported that they "often" or "always" assessed judgment when evaluating patients with traumatic brain injury (89%), dementia (87%), and psychiatric disorders (70%). Surprisingly, the top-ranked instruments were not tests of judgment per se, and included the WAIS-III Comprehension, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, and WAIS-III Similarities. Further, 61% of respondents were slightly confident, and only 23% were very confident, in their ability to assess a patient's judgment skills with their current tests. The overwhelming majority (87%) of respondents perceived a need for improved measures. Overall results indicate use of varied techniques by neuropsychologists to evaluate judgment and suggest the need for additional tests of this cognitive domain.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Survey of Neuropsychologists' Practices and Perspectives Regarding the Assessment of Judgment Ability

Rabin

Borgos

Saykin

2008

Applied Neuropsychology

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“…The Trail Making Test (TMT) is widely employed in the diagnosis of brain damage by clinical neuropsychologists 1 . It consists of two parts in which 25 circles containing numbers (Part A) or numbers and letters (Part B) must be sequentially connected 2 .…”

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Trail making and cognitive set-shifting

Olivera-Souza

Moll

Passman

et al. 2000

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

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, FÁTIMA AZEVEDO IGNÁCIO 7 , ROGÉRIO PAYSANO MARROCOS 8 ABSTRACT -We tested the hypothesis that Part B of the Trail Making Test (TMT) is a measure of cognitive setshifting ability in 55 normal subjects with the conventional (written) TMT and a verbal adaptation, the "verbal TMT" (vTMT). The finding of a significant association between Parts B of TMT and vTMT (r = 0,59, p < 0,001), after correcting for age and education, supports the view that Part B of TMT is a valid measure of the ability to alternate between cognitive categories.KEY WORDS: trail making test, verbal trail making test, set-shifting cognition. . In Part A, the circles are numbered from 1 to 25, whereas in Part B numbers from 1 to 13 and letters from A to M must be connected in alternating fashion, beginning at 1-A and ending at M-13. Total score is given by time spent to complete each part. Factor analysis has shown that the TMT loads on both a rapid visual search and a visuospatial sequencing factor 3 . Whether it also superimposes on a third, "cognitive set-shifting", factor has been debated [4][5][6] . If true, however, this would be an important attribute of the test, as the ability to switch between categories is one of the most reliable indexes of normal neurobehavioral functioning 7 .In this study we administered a verbal adaptation of TMT-the "verbal Trail Making Test" (vTMT)-to normal individuals to see whether Part B of Trail Making Test (TMTB) also gauges the ability to shift between cognitive sets. Since in vTMT the visuospatial and visuomotor factors intrinsic to the conventional (written) TMT are reduced to a minimum, a lack of correlation between Parts B

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“…This has often been cited as the most frequently used measure of executive functioning [23][24][25][26] and is regularly used by over 70% of neuropsychologists [27]. The Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) consists of 4 "Cards" shown on the computer screen were distinguished by the form of the objects (triangles, stars, crosses, and circles), the number of objects (from one to four), and the patterns inside the objects (solid, blank, dotted, and stippled).…”

Section: Wisconsin Card Sorting Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxytocin and social cognition in patients with schizophrenia: comparison with healthy siblings and healthy controls

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Aydın

Taş

et al. 2017

Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology

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Objective: There is substantial evidence from animal research indicating a key role of the neuropeptide oxytocin (OT) in the regulation of complex social cognition and behaviour. Social cognition is indispensable for social relationships for the whole of human society, and numerous studies have shown impaired social cognition in schizophrenia (SCH) and unaffected first-degree relatives also seem to be impaired, albeit to a lesser extent. Because of that, this study focuses on the role of OT in social cognition in SCH. Methods: Twenty-seven patients with SCH, 27 healthy siblings (HS) of these patients, and 27 psychologically healthy controls (HC) were included in the study. Blood samples were collected through a peripheral venous catheter. Differences in the socio-demographical and WAIS-R were tested by chi-square and one way-ANOVA. To explore the relationships between social cognition and blood samples we performed Pearson correlations. MANCOVA (gender and WAIS-R as covariates) test was performed to investigate the effect of gender on blood levels of OT and WAIS-R on social cognition. Results: Significant differences were found in neurocognitive and social cognitive capacity but not in OT levels. In the healthy control group, there was a positive correlation between blood OT levels and RMET. There is a statistically significant difference between high and low OT groups with regard to social cognition in all subtests of the RMET. Conclusions: In the current study, we found that patients had deficits in social cognition and neurocognition. Lower endogenous OT levels are also predictive for poor social cognitive functioning in HS and HC.ARTICLE HISTORY

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Neuropsychological test usage.

Cited by 155 publications

References 4 publications

A Survey of Neuropsychologists' Practices and Perspectives Regarding the Assessment of Judgment Ability

A Survey of Neuropsychologists' Practices and Perspectives Regarding the Assessment of Judgment Ability

Trail making and cognitive set-shifting

Oxytocin and social cognition in patients with schizophrenia: comparison with healthy siblings and healthy controls

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