Neuropsychological deficit in newly diagnosed patients with schizophrenia or schizophreniform disorder

Rubin, P.; Holm, Axel; Møller-Madsen, S.; Videbech, Poul; Hertel, C.; Povlsen, Uffe Juul; Hemmingsen, Ralf

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1995.tb09540.x

Cited by 30 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…The finding of impaired performance on all tests has been reported in previous first-episode studies (Bilder et al 1992 ;Hoff et al 1992 ;Saykin et al 1994 ;Rubin et al 1995 ;Albus et al 1996). However, in contradistinction to these studies, we found that schizophrenic patients have severe impairments of executive function at the onset of the illness.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 56%

“…To circumvent this possible confusion, studies have examined patients presenting with their first psychotic episode (Bilder et al 1992 ;Hoff et al 1992 ;Saykin et al 1994 ;Rubin et al 1995 ;Albus et al 1996). Unfortunately, these results have mirrored those with chronic schizophrenia in that both uniform (Bilder et al 1992 ;Hoff et al 1992) and specific (Saykin et al 1994 ;Rubin et al 1995 ;Albus et al 1996) deficits have been found. One explanation of why there is no consensus as to the critical cognitive deficits concerns the methodology employed in these studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Executive function in first-episode schizophrenia

et al. 1998

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Background. We tested the hypothesis that schizophrenia is primarily a frontostriatal disorder by examining executive function in first-episode patients. Previous studies have shown either equal decrements in many cognitive domains or specific deficits in memory. Such studies have grouped test results or have used few executive measures, thus, possibly losing information. We, therefore, measured a range of executive ability with tests known to be sensitive to frontal lobe function.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 56%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Executive function in first-episode schizophrenia

et al. 1998

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“…Only for a minority of patients were speech impairments reported to be transient disruptions due to the presence of acute symptoms, while in the majority of cases the deviant nonverbal characteristics seemed to Lott/Guggenbühl/Schneeberger/Pulver/ Stassen represent a syndrome complex that persisted over a long time, mostly beyond the time of hospital release [38]. Similarly, neuropsychological findings have suggested the existence of a distinct subgroup of schizophrenic patients who are characterized by a persistently poor performance on neuropsychological tests, especially on more complicated tests requiring the ability of analysis, abstraction and memory [53]. Of particular interest with respect to speech characteristics was the finding that verbal memory remained more impaired than other aspects of intellectual functioning [54,55].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linguistic Analysis of the Speech Output of Schizophrenic, Bipolar, and Depressive Patients

Lott¹,

Guggenbühl²,

Schneeberger³

et al. 2002

Psychopathology

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Using speech samples of 100 patients suffering from schizophrenia, bipolar illness and major depression, we addressed the question of the extent to which the linguistic abnormalities in the speech of these patients represent diagnosis-specific characteristics or constitute independent, syndrome-like dimensions of the illnesses. All speech samples were transcribed by a professional linguist who was blind to both identity and diagnosis of the patients. The majority of the deviant linguistic variables was found to be common to all three diagnostic groups under comparison, while only a few linguistic variables exhibited statistically significant between-group differences. On the other hand, when the respective variables were analysed as a multivariate entity, the variety of subtle between-group differences allowed us to discriminate between the diagnostic groups at an overall performance of 72.7% correctly classified patients. There was an almost complete lack of association between linguistic abnormalities and psychopathology syndromes. In particular, we found no correlation between the syndrome ‘formal thought disorder’ and the large variety of linguistic variables used in this investigation. In consequence, we conjecture that linguistically deviant speech characteristics represent an independent syndrome complex manifested at varying intensities across mental illnesses, and that this syndrome complex deserves greater attention, not only with respect to the principal understanding of the underlying disturbances, but also as a potential target of therapeutical intervention.

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“…However, other neuropsychological tests, such as the WCST and paired associated learning, do not appear to be affected by anticholinergic medications [125]. However, this issue is still under debate in the literature.…”

Section: Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive Dysfunctions in Bipolar Disorder: Evidence of Neuropsychological Disturbances

Martínez‐Arán¹,

Vieta²,

Colom³

et al. 1999

Psychother Psychosom

202

139

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Although cognitive dysfunctions in psychosis have classically been associated with schizophrenia, there is clinical evidence that some bipolar patients show cognitive disturbances either during acute phases or in remission periods. The authors critically review the data on cognitive impairment in bipolar disorder. The main computerized databases (Medline, Psychological Abstracts, Current Contents) have been consulted crossing the terms ‘cognitive deficits’, ‘neuropsychology’, ‘intellectual impairment’, ‘mania’, ‘depression’ and ‘bipolar disorder’. Changes in the fluency of thought and speech, learning and memory impairment, and disturbances in associational patterns and attentional processes are as fundamental to depression and mania as are changes in mood and behavior. Moreover, a significant number of bipolar patients show persistent cognitive deficits during remission from affective symptoms. However, there are several methodological pitfalls in most studies such as unclear remission criteria, diagnostic heterogeneity, small sample sizes, absence of longitudinal assessment, practice effect and poor control of the influence of pharmacological treatment. Most studies point at the presence of diffuse cognitive dysfunction during the acute phases of bipolar illness. Most of these deficits seem to remit during periods of euthymia, but some of them may persist in approximately one third of bipolar patients. Methodological limitations warrant further research in order to clear up the relationship between neuropsychological functioning and clinical, demographic and treatment variables in bipolar disorder.

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Neuropsychological deficit in newly diagnosed patients with schizophrenia or schizophreniform disorder

Cited by 30 publications

References 44 publications

Executive function in first-episode schizophrenia

Executive function in first-episode schizophrenia

Linguistic Analysis of the Speech Output of Schizophrenic, Bipolar, and Depressive Patients

Cognitive Dysfunctions in Bipolar Disorder: Evidence of Neuropsychological Disturbances

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