Neuroprotective effect of Sapucaia nuts (Lecythis pisonis)on rats fed with high-fat diet

Abstract

ResumenIntroducción: la Lecythis pisonis Cambess es conocida popularmente en Brasil como "castaña de sapucaia". Estudios de su composición química revelaron que esta castaña es una excelente fuente de minerales antioxidantes y de lípidos esenciales. Objetivo: evaluar los efectos antioxidantes y anti infl amatorios en el tejido cerebral de ratones Wistar. Material y métodos: los animales fueron distribuidos aleatoriamente en cuatro grupos experimentales (n = 6) totalizando 48 ratones. Los tratamientos fueron conducidos por un periodo de 14 a 28 días con dietas estándar AIN-93G y de cafetería con castaña de sapucaia. La expresión génica de los marcadores TNF-α, NFkB, ZnSOD y HSP-72 fue determinada por la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa cuantitativa tras transcripción inversa (qPCR). La actividad antioxidante también fue verifi cada por la determinación de las especies reactivas del ácido tiobarbitúrico (TBARS) y por mensuración de la actividad de la enzima superoxido dismutasa. Resultados: la expresión génica de los marcadores infl amatorios NFkB (p65) y TNF-α fue menor para los grupos de ratones que consumieron las dietas enriquecidas con sapucaia con diferencia signifi cativa por el test de Tukey (p < 0,05). La proteína de choque térmico HSP-72 y la enzima ZnSOD presentaron aumento de la expresión génica con diferencia estadística signifi cativa (p < 0,05) para ambos grupos que consumieron sapucaia en sus dietas. Conclusión: las propiedades nutricionales de la castaña de sapucaia ejercieron importante actividad neuroprotectora por modular la actividad antioxidante y el proceso infl amatorio en los tejidos cerebrales de los animales evaluados. AbstractBackground: Lecythis pisonis Cambess is commonly known as "castanha de sapucaia" in Brazil. Chemical composition studies revealed that this nut is an excellent source of anti-oxidant minerals and of essential lipids.Objective: The aim of the present study is to assess the anti-oxidant and anti-infl ammatory effect of Lecythis pisonis Cambess on the brain tissue of Wistar rats. Material and methods:The animals were divided in four experimental groups (n = 6), total of forty-eight rats. Treatments included the standard diet (AIN-93G) and high-fat food, supplemented with Sapucaia nut from 14 to 28 days. The gene expression markers TNF-α, NFkB, ZnSOD and HSP-72 were defi ned through reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rtPCR). The anti-oxidant effect was assessed through the thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) and the measurement of the activity performed by superoxide dismutase enzymes. Results: Accordingly, the gene expression of the infl ammatory markers NFkB (p65) and TNF-α was lower in rats fed on diets supplemented with "sapucaia", and they presented signifi cant difference in the Tukey test (p < 0.05). The heat-shock HSP-72 protein and the ZnSOD enzyme raised the gene expression and showed signifi cant statistical difference (p < 0.05) in both groups fed on Sapucaia nut-based diet. Conclusion: Thus, the nutritional properties of the Sa...

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Histological Evaluation of Brain Tissue in Dyslipidemic Rats Treated with Dietary Supplements Based on Amazonian Fruits

“…However, from the studies verified, L. pisonis is noted for having a neuroprotective effect in Wistar rats submitted to a high-fat diet [29]. It was observed though that Wistar rats on a diet supplemented with L. pisonis showed a lower gene expression (p<0.05) of inflammatory markers (NFkB (p65) and TNF-α), and a higher expression (p<0.05) of the protein HSP-72 (which has an anti-inflammatory effect under conditions of metabolic stress) and the enzyme ZnSOD, both proteins involved in the antiinflammatory and antioxidant response of the brain.…”

“…[27], high flaxseed oil supplementation [28] and sapucaia nut supplementation (Lecythis pisonis) [29].…”

“…Regarding antioxidant activity, there was a significant decrease (p<0.05) in the concentration of MDA (TBARS) and a significant increase (p<0.05) in the antioxidant enzyme activity expressed in SOD in rats on a diet supplemented with L. pisonis. The observed biological effects can be attributed to metabolic interactions of phenolic compounds, tocopherol, unsaturated fatty acids, magnesium, manganese, selenium, copper, iron and zinc, which are some of the components identified in studies on the chemical composition of L. pisonis [29]. Thus, among the studies evaluated, only the study of Marcos et al [29] positively demonstrated the action of supplementation with L. pisonis and its neuroprotective effect (anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effect) in rats subjected to the consumption of a hyperlipidic diet.…”