Neuroprotective effect of arctigenin against neuroinflammation and oxidative stress induced by rotenone

Zhang, Na; Dou, Deqiang; Ran, Xin; Kang, Ting-Guo

doi:10.1039/c7ra10906g

Cited by 30 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…We normalized energy expenditure to lean body mass to eliminate the effect of different body size as a common approach [64,65]; however, a study showed that this is not an appropriate approach because the regression line between body mass and metabolic rate does not have a zero intercept, and is therefore not linear [66]. Instead, using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was recommended for normalizing metabolic rate to body mass.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discordant Dose-Dependent Metabolic Effects of Eicosapentanoic Acid in Diet-Induced Obese Mice

et al. 2020

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Obesity is a widespread epidemic that increases the risk for several metabolic diseases. Despite several beneficial health effects of eicosapentaenoic acid (C20:5n-3, EPA), previous studies have used very high doses of EPA. In this study, dose-dependent effects of EPA on metabolic outcomes were determined in diet-induced obese mice. We used B6 male mice, fed high-fat diet (HF, 45% kcal fat) or HF diet supplemented with 9, 18, and 36 g/kg of EPA-enriched fish oil for 14 weeks. We conducted metabolic phenotyping during the feeding period, and harvested tissues and blood at termination. Only mice fed 36 g/kg of EPA significantly (p < 0.05) lowered body weight, fat content and epididymal fat pad weight, compared to HF. Both 18 and 36 g/kg doses of EPA significantly increased glucose clearance and insulin sensitivity, compared to HF or 9 g/kg of EPA. Locomotor activity was significantly increased with both 18 and 36 g/kg doses of EPA. Interestingly, all doses of EPA compared to HF, significantly increased energy expenditure and oxygen consumption and significantly reduced serum insulin, leptin, and triglycerides levels. These results demonstrate weight- and adiposity-independent metabolic benefits of EPA, at doses comparable to those currently used to treat hypertriglyceridemia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discordant Dose-Dependent Metabolic Effects of Eicosapentanoic Acid in Diet-Induced Obese Mice

et al. 2020

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“…Arctiin is its main active component and accounting for over 5% of Fructus Arctii as stipulated in Chinese Pharmacopoeia [13]. Research indicated that arctigenin has the function of antioxidation, anti-inflammation [14,15], antitumor [16], and neuronprotective activities [17,18]. Recent studies have shown that arctigenin can also suppress renal interstitial fibrosis, repress TGF-β-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in human lung cancer cells, and attenuate PQ-induced EMT and pulmonary fibrosis [19][20][21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Ameliorative Effects of Arctiin and Arctigenin on the Oxidative Injury of Lung Induced by Silica via TLR‐4/NLRP3/TGF‐β Signaling Pathway

Liu

Wang

Dou

et al. 2021

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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Silicosis remains one of the most serious diseases worldwide, with no effective drug for its treatment. Our research results have indicated that arctiin and arctigenin could increase the mitochondrial membrane potential, which in turn reduces the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), blocks the polarization of macrophages, and inhibits the differentiation of myofibroblasts to reduce oxidative stress, inflammation, and fibrosis. Further, our study revealed that arctiin and arctigenin suppressed the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome through the TLR-4/Myd88/NF-κB pathway and the silica-induced secretion of TNF-α, IL-1β, TGF-β, and α-SMA. Besides, the silica-induced increase in the levels of serum ceruloplasmin and HYP was also inhibited. Results of metabolomics indicated that arctiin and arctigenin could regulate the abnormal metabolic pathways associated with the development of silicosis, which involve pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis, cysteine and methionine metabolism, linoleic acid metabolism, and arginine and proline metabolism successively. Furthermore, the analysis of metabolomics, together with network topological analysis in different phases of silicosis, revealed that urine myristic acid, serum 4-hydroxyproline, and L-arginine could be regarded as diagnosis biomarkers in the early phase and formation of pulmonary fibrosis in the latter phases of silicosis. Arctiin and arctigenin could downregulate the increased levels of myristic acid in the early phase and serum 4-hydroxyproline in the latter phase of silicosis. Interestingly, the integration of TLR-4/NLRP3/TGF-β signaling and metabolomics verified the importance of macrophage polarization in the silicosis fibrosis process. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study reporting that arctiin and arctigenin both can ameliorate silicosis effectively, and the former is a little stronger than its aglycone arctigenin because of its high oral bioavailability, low toxicity, and multimolecular active metabolites as determined by AdmetSAR and molecular docking analysis.

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“…Arctigenin can protect brain from ischemic stroke through inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation ( 24 ). Additionally, arctigenin administration can protect dopaminergic neurons by eliciting potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects and improve behavior changes of Parkinson’s disease ( 25 ). Arctigenin treatment reduced hematoma, gene expressions of inflammatory (IL-6 and TNF-α) and apoptosis (Caspase-3 and Bcl-2), and accelerated wound closure after a stab wound injury, indicating arctigenin possesses neuroprotective effects on brain tissue through anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic actions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arctigenin Exerts Neuroprotective Effect by Ameliorating Cortical Activities in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis In Vivo

et al. 2021

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Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disease in the central nervous system (CNS), characterized by inflammatory cells that invade into the brain and the spinal cord. Among a bulk of different MS models, the most widely used and best understood rodent model is experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Arctigenin, a botanical extract from Arctium lappa, is reported to exhibit pharmacological properties, including anti-inflammation and neuroprotection. However, the effects of arctigenin on neural activity attacked by inflammation in MS are still unclear. Here, we use two-photon calcium imaging to observe the activity of somatosensory cortex neurons in awake EAE mice in vivo and found added hyperactive cells, calcium influx, network connectivity, and synchronization, mainly at preclinical stage of EAE model. Besides, more silent cells and decreased calcium influx and reduced network synchronization accompanied by a compensatory rise in functional connectivity are found at the remission stage. Arctigenin treatment not only restricts inordinate individually neural spiking, calcium influx, and network activity at preclinical stage but also restores neuronal activity and communication at remission stage. In addition, we confirm that the frequency of AMPA receptor-mediated spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic current (sEPSC) is also increased at preclinical stage and can be blunted by arctigenin. These findings suggest that excitotoxicity characterized by calcium influx is involved in EAE at preclinical stage. What is more, arctigenin exerts neuroprotective effect by limiting hyperactivity at preclinical stage and ameliorates EAE symptoms, indicating that arctigenin could be a potential therapeutic drug for neuroprotection in MS-related neuropsychological disorders.

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Neuroprotective effect of arctigenin against neuroinflammation and oxidative stress induced by rotenone

Abstract: The present study was to investigate the neuroprotective effect of arctigenin, the major active component of a traditional Chinese medicine “Arctii Fructus”, against PD in a rat model induced by rotenone.

Cited by 30 publications

References 53 publications

Discordant Dose-Dependent Metabolic Effects of Eicosapentanoic Acid in Diet-Induced Obese Mice

Discordant Dose-Dependent Metabolic Effects of Eicosapentanoic Acid in Diet-Induced Obese Mice

The Ameliorative Effects of Arctiin and Arctigenin on the Oxidative Injury of Lung Induced by Silica via TLR‐4/NLRP3/TGF‐β Signaling Pathway

Arctigenin Exerts Neuroprotective Effect by Ameliorating Cortical Activities in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis In Vivo

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